论文标题
为什么以及如何平衡汽车需求工程实践的一致性和多样性
Why and How to Balance Alignment and Diversity of Requirements Engineering Practices in Automotive
论文作者
论文摘要
在大型汽车公司中,各个团队都使用了各种需求工程(RE)实践。 RE实践表现在需求信息模型(RIM)中,这些模型定义了应捕获哪些概念和信息的要求。需要从组织不同部分的从业者进行协作来定义合适的边缘,该边缘平衡了对单个团队的各种实践的支持与系统级别上共享视图和团队支持所需的一致性。没有指导这项具有挑战性的任务。本文提出了一项混合方法研究,以研究轮辋在四个汽车公司中平衡RE实践的多样性中的作用。我们的分析基于系统工具工具的数据,11项半结构化访谈以及验证发现和建议的调查。我们发现,在定义轮辋时,要考虑RE实践的一致性和多样性是重要的。我们进一步研究了促成者的这种平衡和从业者为实现这一目标所采取的行动。从这些因素中,我们得出并评估了管理轮辋的建议,这些建议在实践中考虑了需求的生命周期,并允许在早期发展中跨学科的各种实践,同时实施接近释放的要求的一致性。
In large-scale automotive companies, various requirements engineering (RE) practices are used across teams. RE practices manifest in Requirements Information Models (RIM) that define what concepts and information should be captured for requirements. Collaboration of practitioners from different parts of an organization is required to define a suitable RIM that balances support for diverse practices in individual teams with the alignment needed for a shared view and team support on system level. There exists no guidance for this challenging task. This paper presents a mixed methods study to examine the role of RIMs in balancing alignment and diversity of RE practices in four automotive companies. Our analysis is based on data from systems engineering tools, 11 semi-structured interviews, and a survey to validate findings and suggestions. We found that balancing alignment and diversity of RE practices is important to consider when defining RIMs. We further investigated enablers for this balance and actions that practitioners take to achieve it. From these factors, we derived and evaluated recommendations for managing RIMs in practice that take into account the lifecycle of requirements and allow for diverse practices across sub-disciplines in early development, while enforcing alignment of requirements that are close to release.