论文标题
现代物理学内部和跨领域的知识的演变
The evolution of knowledge within and across fields in modern physics
论文作者
论文摘要
跨不同领域和学科的知识的交流在知识创造过程中起着关键作用，并且可以刺激创新和新领域的出现。我们在这里开发了一个定量框架，以在科学学科之间提取重要的依赖性，并将其转变为一个随时间变化的网络，其节点是不同的字段，而加权链接则代表在给定时间段内从一个领域到另一个领域的知识流。利用有关现代物理学中科学生产的综合数据以及过去三十年来在各个领域发表的文章之间引用的模式，然后我们能够随着时间的流逝，在特定时间段内在特定领域中在特定领域中发展的思想如何影响后来的发现在同一领域或其他领域或其他领域。对每个领域的内部知识分析都表现出了各种各样的时间行为，某些物理学领域表明比其他物理学更自我参照。跨领域的知识交流的时间网络揭示了一个领域的案例，在整个观察到的时期内连续吸收了另一个领域的知识，成对的领域相互影响，也相互影响，也从吸收到相互伴侣或什至到背息行为的进化案例。
The exchange of knowledge across different areas and disciplines plays a key role in the process of knowledge creation, and can stimulate innovation and the emergence of new fields. We develop here a quantitative framework to extract significant dependencies among scientific disciplines and turn them into a time-varying network whose nodes are the different fields, while the weighted links represent the flow of knowledge from one field to another at a given period of time. Drawing on a comprehensive data set on scientific production in modern physics and on the patterns of citations between articles published in the various fields in the last thirty years, we are then able to map, over time, how the ideas developed in a given field in a certain time period have influenced later discoveries in the same field or in other fields. The analysis of knowledge flows internal to each field displays a remarkable variety of temporal behaviours, with some fields of physics showing to be more self-referential than others. The temporal networks of knowledge exchanges across fields reveal cases of one field continuously absorbing knowledge from another field in the entire observed period, pairs of fields mutually influencing each other, but also cases of evolution from absorbing to mutual or even to back-nurture behaviors.
