论文标题
检测和表征年轻的类星体I：全身红移和接近区的测量
Detecting and Characterizing Young Quasars I: Systemic Redshifts and Proximity Zones Measurements
论文作者
论文摘要
在对$ 13 $类星体的多波长调查中，$ 5.8 \ Lesssim Z \ Lessim6.5 $，预先选择为年轻，我们发现五个物体具有极小的接近区域尺寸，可能会使UV-Lumuminous-luminous-prientimes lifetimes $ \ limesim simsim sim sim $ 100,000 $ $ $ 100,000美元。接近区域是在类星体附近增强的传播通量的区域，这些区域对类星体的寿命敏感，因为播层间气体对辐射的响应时间有限。 We combine sub-mm observations from the Atacama Large Millimetre Array (ALMA) and the NOrthern Extended Millimeter Array (NOEMA), as well as deep optical and near-infrared spectra from medium-resolution spectrograph on the Very Large Telescope (VLT) and on the Keck telescopes, in order to identify and characterize these new young quasars, which provide valuable clues about the accretion behavior of supermassive black早期宇宙中的孔（SMBH），并在当前的黑洞形成模型上构成挑战，以解释十亿太阳质量黑洞的快速形成。我们测量了其宿主星系中的类星体的系统性红移，黑洞质量，爱丁顿比率，发射线的发光度和恒星形成速率。结合以前的结果，我们估计了高红移类星体种群中的年轻物体的比例，为$ 5 \％\％\ sillsim f _ {\ rm Young} \ lyssim 10 \％$。其中一个年轻物体PSO J158-14显示了非常明亮的灰尘连续通量（$ f _ {\ rm cont} = 3.46 \ pm 0.02 \，\ rm mjy $），表明一个高度恒星的宿主星系，其星形速率大约为1420 \ $ 1420 \，m \，m _ _ { yr^{ - 1} $。
In a multi-wavelength survey of $13$ quasars at $5.8\lesssim z\lesssim6.5$, that were pre-selected to be potentially young, we find five objects with extremely small proximity zone sizes that may imply UV-luminous quasar lifetimes of $\lesssim 100,000$ years. Proximity zones are regions of enhanced transmitted flux in the vicinity of the quasars that are sensitive to the quasars' lifetimes because the intergalactic gas has a finite response time to their radiation. We combine sub-mm observations from the Atacama Large Millimetre Array (ALMA) and the NOrthern Extended Millimeter Array (NOEMA), as well as deep optical and near-infrared spectra from medium-resolution spectrograph on the Very Large Telescope (VLT) and on the Keck telescopes, in order to identify and characterize these new young quasars, which provide valuable clues about the accretion behavior of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) in the early universe, and pose challenges on current black hole formation models to explain the rapid formation of billion solar mass black holes. We measure the quasars' systemic redshifts, black hole masses, Eddington ratios, emission line luminosities, and star formation rates of their host galaxies. Combined with previous results we estimate the fraction of young objects within the high-redshift quasar population at large to be $5\%\lesssim f_{\rm young}\lesssim 10\%$. One of the young objects, PSO J158-14, shows a very bright dust continuum flux ($F_{\rm cont}=3.46\pm 0.02\,\rm mJy$), indicating a highly star-bursting host galaxy with a star formation rate of approximately $1420\,M_{\odot}\,\rm yr^{-1}$.
