论文标题

人类对人类机器人互动中本质上动机的自主权的看法

Human Perception of Intrinsically Motivated Autonomy in Human-Robot Interaction

论文作者

Scheunemann, Marcus M., Salge, Christoph, Polani, Daniel, Dautenhahn, Kerstin

论文摘要

在人居住环境中使用机器人的一个挑战是设计具有吸引力的行为,但对人类相互作用引起的扰动的强大。我们的想法是将机器人置于内在动机(IM),以便它可以处理新的情况并成为人类的真正社交,因此对人类互动伙伴更具兴趣。人类机器人相互作用(HRI)实验主要集中于脚本或遥控机器人,这些机器人模仿了IM之类的特征以控制孤立的行为因素。本文介绍了一种“机器人学家”研究设计,该设计允许彼此比较自主产生的行为,并首次评估了人类对机器人基于IM基于IM的行为的看法。我们进行了一项受试者内部用户研究(n = 24),其中参与者与具有不同行为方案的完全自主的Sphero BB8机器人进行了互动:一个意识到适应性,本质上的动机行为,而另一个具有反应性,但没有自适应。机器人及其行为有意保持最低,以集中于IM引起的效果。与反应性基线行为相比,对交互后问卷的定量分析表明,对维度“温暖”的看法明显更高。温暖被认为是人类社会认知中社会态度形成的主要方面。一个被认为是温暖(友好,值得信赖的)的人会经历更多积极的社会互动。

A challenge in using robots in human-inhabited environments is to design behavior that is engaging, yet robust to the perturbations induced by human interaction. Our idea is to imbue the robot with intrinsic motivation (IM) so that it can handle new situations and appears as a genuine social other to humans and thus be of more interest to a human interaction partner. Human-robot interaction (HRI) experiments mainly focus on scripted or teleoperated robots, that mimic characteristics such as IM to control isolated behavior factors. This article presents a "robotologist" study design that allows comparing autonomously generated behaviors with each other, and, for the first time, evaluates the human perception of IM-based generated behavior in robots. We conducted a within-subjects user study (N=24) where participants interacted with a fully autonomous Sphero BB8 robot with different behavioral regimes: one realizing an adaptive, intrinsically motivated behavior and the other being reactive, but not adaptive. The robot and its behaviors are intentionally kept minimal to concentrate on the effect induced by IM. A quantitative analysis of post-interaction questionnaires showed a significantly higher perception of the dimension "Warmth" compared to the reactive baseline behavior. Warmth is considered a primary dimension for social attitude formation in human social cognition. A human perceived as warm (friendly, trustworthy) experiences more positive social interactions.

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