论文标题
数学和不平等的精英主义
Elitism in Mathematics and Inequality
论文作者
论文摘要
田野勋章（通常被称为诺贝尔的数学奖）每四年被授予40岁以下的数学家不超过四名数学家。近年来，它的授权受到数学史学家的审查，是因为奖励了现有的精英，而不是将数学家从代表性不足的社区提升的最初目标。先前对精英主义的研究集中在引文实践和子场上；防止公平获取的结构力仍不清楚。在这里，我们使用网络分析和自然语言处理在240,000名数学家及其顾问 - 顾问 - 顾问关系之间的关系中，展示了国家与林戈种族身份之间的精英数学家的流动。我们发现，通过分析围绕田野奖牌获得者形成的精英圈，田野奖章帮助二战后融合了日本。阿拉伯语，非洲和东亚身份在精英级别的代表性不足。通过分析流入和流出，我们反驳了少数民族社区创造自己的进入障碍的神话。我们的结果表明，国际学术委员会（例如颁奖典礼）的共同努力是提供平等机会的强大力量。我们预计我们的学术族谱分析方法论可以作为学术领域平等的有用诊断。
The Fields Medal, often referred as the Nobel Prize of mathematics, is awarded to no more than four mathematician under the age of 40, every four years. In recent years, its conferral has come under scrutiny of math historians, for rewarding the existing elite rather than its original goal of elevating mathematicians from under-represented communities. Prior studies of elitism focus on citational practices and sub-fields; the structural forces that prevent equitable access remain unclear. Here we show the flow of elite mathematicians between countries and lingo-ethnic identity, using network analysis and natural language processing on 240,000 mathematicians and their advisor-advisee relationships. We found that the Fields Medal helped integrate Japan after WWII, through analysis of the elite circle formed around Fields Medalists. Arabic, African, and East Asian identities remain under-represented at the elite level. Through analysis of inflow and outflow, we rebuts the myth that minority communities create their own barriers to entry. Our results demonstrate concerted efforts by international academic committees, such as prize-giving, are a powerful force to give equal access. We anticipate our methodology of academic genealogical analysis can serve as a useful diagnostic for equality within academic fields.
