论文标题
无序的极性活性流体中动态涡流玻璃的出现
Emergence of dynamic vortex glasses in disordered polar active fluids
论文作者
论文摘要
在均衡中，综合性造成拓扑缺陷的障碍重新定义了像晶体，超导体和液晶等系统多样的物质的有序状态。然而，远离均衡，淬火障碍对主动凝结物质的后果实际上尚未在内。在这里，我们揭示了一个强烈无序的活动物质状态，没有平衡中的对应物：动态涡流玻璃。结合了高含量的微流体实验和理论，我们展示了胶体羊群如何通过疾病共同巡航而不放松其流量的拓扑奇异性。所得状态是高度动力学的，但是流动模式由有限的冷冻涡流密度塑造，是静止的，并且呈指数性退化。淬灭的各向同性疾病充当随机量规场，将活性液体转化为动态涡流玻璃。我们认为，这种强大的机制应该塑造一系列广泛的活跃物质的集体动力学，从合成活跃的列明学到探索异质培养基的活细胞的集合。
In equilibrium, disorder conspires with topological defects to redefine the ordered states of matter in systems as diverse as crystals, superconductors and liquid crystals. Far from equilibrium, however, the consequences of quenched disorder on active condensed matter remain virtually uncharted. Here, we reveal a state of strongly disordered active matter with no counterparts in equilibrium: a dynamical vortex glass. Combining high-content microfluidic experiments and theory, we show how colloidal flocks collectively cruise through disorder without relaxing the topological singularities of their flows. The resulting state is highly dynamical but the flow patterns, shaped by a finite density of frozen vortices, are stationary and exponentially degenerated. Quenched isotropic disorder acts as a random gauge field turning active liquids into dynamical vortex glasses. We argue that this robust mechanism should shape the collective dynamics of a broad class of disordered active matter, from synthetic active nematics to collections of living cells exploring heterogeneous media.
