论文标题
广义价格方程：改变人口统计的力量
The generalized Price equation: forces that change population statistics
论文作者
论文摘要
价格方程将人口量度的预期价值变化。第一个组件描述了频率改变引起的部分变化。第二个成分描述了由测量的改变引起的部分变化。在生物学中，频率变化通常与自然选择的直接影响相关。衡量变化反映了传输过程中改变特征值的过程。从更广泛的角度来看，这两个组件描述了改变人口组成的直接力和改变测量值的参考框架的变化框架。经典的价格方程仅限于人口统计数据，该统计数据可以表示为量度的预期价值。许多统计数据不能表示为期望值，例如谐波平均值和恢复多样性措施的家族。我们将价格方程式推广到任何人口统计数据，这些统计数据可以表示为频率和测量值的函数。我们获得导致频率变化的直接力与改变测量值的参考框架变化框架之间的广义分区。
The Price equation partitions the change in the expected value of a population measure. The first component describes the partial change caused by altered frequencies. The second component describes the partial change caused by altered measurements. In biology, frequency changes often associate with the direct effect of natural selection. Measure changes reflect processes during transmission that alter trait values. More broadly, the two components describe the direct forces that change population composition and the altered frame of reference that changes measured values. The classic Price equation is limited to population statistics that can expressed as the expected value of a measure. Many statistics cannot be expressed as expected values, such as the harmonic mean and the family of rescaled diversity measures. We generalize the Price equation to any population statistic that can be expressed as a function of frequencies and measurements. We obtain the generalized partition between the direct forces that cause frequency change and the altered frame of reference that changes measurements.
