论文标题
提高网络边缘的谈判表现
Increasing negotiation performance at the edge of the network
论文作者
论文摘要
自动谈判已用于各种分布式设置,例如物联网(IoT)设备的隐私和智能电网中的电源分配。这些代理商协商的最常见协议是交替提供协议(AOP)。在此协议下,代理除了柜台报价外不能互相表达任何其他信息。例如,当谈判是不可能的,有可能浪费带宽,这是网络边缘的宝贵资源,这可能会导致不必要的长时间谈判。尽管存在缓解此问题的替代协议,但对于低功率设备(例如在网络边缘运行的IoT传感器)来说,这些解决方案太复杂了。为了改善这种瓶颈,我们将扩展名引入AOP,称为“交替约束优惠协议(ACOP)”,在该协议中,代理也可以互相表达约束。这使代理商既可以更有效地搜索可能性空间,又可以更快地识别不可能的情况。我们从经验上表明,使用ACOP的代理可以显着减少谈判所采用的信息的数量,而与策略代理人的选择无关。特别是,我们显示我们的方法大大减少了不可能达成的消息的数量。此外,当可能达成协议时,它会尽快达成该协议,对公用事业没有负面影响。
Automated negotiation has been used in a variety of distributed settings, such as privacy in the Internet of Things (IoT) devices and power distribution in Smart Grids. The most common protocol under which these agents negotiate is the Alternating Offers Protocol (AOP). Under this protocol, agents cannot express any additional information to each other besides a counter offer. This can lead to unnecessarily long negotiations when, for example, negotiations are impossible, risking to waste bandwidth that is a precious resource at the edge of the network. While alternative protocols exist which alleviate this problem, these solutions are too complex for low power devices, such as IoT sensors operating at the edge of the network. To improve this bottleneck, we introduce an extension to AOP called Alternating Constrained Offers Protocol (ACOP), in which agents can also express constraints to each other. This allows agents to both search the possibility space more efficiently and recognise impossible situations sooner. We empirically show that agents using ACOP can significantly reduce the number of messages a negotiation takes, independently of the strategy agents choose. In particular, we show our method significantly reduces the number of messages when an agreement is not possible. Furthermore, when an agreement is possible it reaches this agreement sooner with no negative effect on the utility.