论文标题
在灾难响应中使用3D打印：两阶段的随机3D打印背包问题
Using 3D-printing in disaster response: The two-stage stochastic 3D-printing knapsack problem
论文作者
论文摘要
在本文中，我们将阐明何时打包和在灾难响应操作中使用3D打印机。为此，我们引入了一种新的问题，我们称之为两阶段的随机3D打印背包问题。我们为此问题提供了两个阶段的随机编程公式，其中第一阶段和第二阶段都是NP-HARD整数线性程序。我们将该公式重新制定为等效整数线性程序，该计划可以由标准求解器有效地解决。我们的数值结果表明，在大多数情况下，使用3D打印机是有益的。只有在极端情况下，印刷物品的质量极低，与背包大小相比，3D打印机的大小非常大，当没有时间打印物品，或者当对项目的需求低时，没有3D打印机是最好的选择。
In this paper, we will shed light on when to pack and use 3D-printers in disaster response operations. For that, we introduce a new type of problem, which we call the two-stage stochastic 3D-printing knapsack problem. We provide a two-stage stochastic programming formulation for this problem, for which both the first and the second stage are NP-hard integer linear programs. We reformulate this formulation to an equivalent integer linear program, which can be efficiently solved by standard solvers. Our numerical results illustrate that for most situations using a 3D-printer is beneficial. Only in extreme circumstances, where the quality of printed items is extremely low, the size of the 3D-printer is extremely large compared to the knapsack size, when there is no time to print the items, or when demand for items is low, packing no 3D-printers is the best option.
