论文标题
在定期驱动的Rydberg链中真空状态的动力学
Dynamics of the vacuum state in a periodically driven Rydberg chain
论文作者
论文摘要
我们使用零rydberg激发(真空状态为$ | 0 \ rangle $表示的真空状态)从状态开始研究定期驱动的Rydberg链的动力学。我们显示,使用精确的对角度化对有限系统尺寸($ l \ le 26 $),该系统的浮雕汉密尔顿在我们绘制的一系列驱动频率范围内,托管了一组量子疤痕,这些量子疤痕与$ | 0 \ rangle $ state具有很大的重叠。这些疤痕与与最大Rydberg激发状态具有很高重叠的对应物不同($ | \ Mathbb {z} _2 \ rangle $);它们与后者的疤痕共存,并从$ | 0 \ rangle $状态开始,导致密度密度相关器的持久相干振荡。我们还确定了系统经历完美动态冷冻的特殊驱动频率,并为此现象提供了分析解释。最后,我们证明,对于广泛的驱动频率,系统达到具有密度密度相关器的亚热值的稳态。从$ | \ mathbb {z} _2 \ rangle $状态开始的动力学不存在这种亚热稳态的存在,这暗示着对有限大小的rydberg链中特征状态的热化假设的较弱的侵犯,这与稀缺诱发的持续持续振动所报道。我们猜想,在热力学限制中,这种状态可能存在作为热稳态前状态,这些稳态表现出异常缓慢的松弛。我们通过在高振幅限制中使用浮动扰动理论得出浮雕的哈密顿量的分析表达来补充我们的数值结果,该表达式在任意驱动频率下提供了对这些现象的理解,但它提供了分析性的,尽管是定性的。我们讨论可以测试我们理论的实验。
We study the dynamics of the periodically driven Rydberg chain starting from the state with zero Rydberg excitations (vacuum state denoted by $|0\rangle$) using a square pulse protocol in the high drive amplitude limit. We show, using exact diagonalization for finite system sizes ($L\le 26$), that the Floquet Hamiltonian of the system, within a range of drive frequencies which we chart out, hosts a set of quantum scars which have large overlap with the $|0\rangle$ state. These scars are distinct from their counterparts having high overlap with the maximal Rydberg excitation state ($|\mathbb{Z}_2\rangle$); they coexist with the latter class of scars and lead to persistent coherent oscillations of the density-density correlator starting from the $|0\rangle$ state. We also identify special drive frequencies at which the system undergoes perfect dynamic freezing and provide an analytic explanation for this phenomenon. Finally, we demonstrate that for a wide range of drive frequencies, the system reaches a steady state with sub-thermal values of the density-density correlator. The presence of such sub-thermal steady states, which are absent for dynamics starting from the $|\mathbb{Z}_2\rangle$ state, imply a weak violation of the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis in finite sized Rydberg chains distinct from that due to the scar-induced persistent oscillations reported earlier. We conjecture that in the thermodynamic limit such states may exist as pre-thermal steady states that show anomalously slow relaxation. We supplement our numerical results by deriving an analytic expression for the Floquet Hamiltonian using a Floquet perturbation theory in the high amplitude limit which provides an analytic, albeit qualitative, understanding of these phenomena at arbitrary drive frequencies. We discuss experiments which can test our theory.