论文标题
加强基于科学，技术和创新的孵化器，以帮助实现可持续发展目标：印度的教训
Strengthening science, technology, and innovation-based incubators to help achieve Sustainable Development Goals: Lessons from India
论文作者
论文摘要
发展中国家的决策者越来越多地将科学，技术和创新（STI）视为实现可持续发展目标（SDGS）的途径，而基于STI的初创公司是这些努力的关键部分。市场失败要求政府干预支持SDG的STI和公共资助的孵化器可能会履行这一角色。使用印度的具体案例，我们研究了公共资助的孵化器如何为加强基于STI的企业家精神做出贡献。印度的STI政策及其与社会目标的联系跨越了数十年，但是自2015年以来，这些目标就围绕可持续发展目标正式组织。我们研究了为什么在2015年之前在不同的政策优先事项中创建了基于STI的孵化器，公共机构在实施这些政策中的作用，以及某些孵化器如何在解决现在可以映射到SDG的社会挑战方面特别有效地解决。我们发现，有效的孵化可以支持基于STI的企业家精神，以实现超出传统孵化活动的社会目标。为了使基于STI的孵化器有效，决策者必须加强“孵化系统”。这涉及将目标可持续发展目标纳入特定的孵化器目标，促进现有的孵化器计划之间的协调，开发性能监测系统，最后，在多个级别上扩展了广泛的能力建设，包括孵化器经理和该国更广泛的STI。
Policymakers in developing countries increasingly see science, technology, and innovation (STI) as an avenue for meeting sustainable development goals (SDGs), with STI-based startups as a key part of these efforts. Market failures call for government interventions in supporting STI for SDGs and publicly-funded incubators can potentially fulfil this role. Using the specific case of India, we examine how publicly-funded incubators could contribute to strengthening STI-based entrepreneurship. India's STI policy and its links to societal goals span multiple decades -- but since 2015 these goals became formally organized around the SDGs. We examine why STI-based incubators were created under different policy priorities before 2015, the role of public agencies in implementing these policies, and how some incubators were particularly effective in addressing the societal challenges that can now be mapped to SDGs. We find that effective incubation for supporting STI-based entrepreneurship to meet societal goals extended beyond traditional incubation activities. For STI-based incubators to be effective, policymakers must strengthen the 'incubation system'. This involves incorporating targeted SDGs in specific incubator goals, promoting coordination between existing incubator programs, developing a performance monitoring system, and finally, extending extensive capacity building at multiple levels including for incubator managers and for broader STI in the country.
