论文标题
CMS HGCAL的精确定时量热法
Precision timing calorimetry with the CMS HGCAL
论文作者
论文摘要
现有的CMS端盖热量表将被高粒度量热计（HGCAL）代替，以在高光度（HL）LHC上运行。辐射硬度和出色的物理性能将通过使用具有高纵向和横向分割的硅垫传感器和SIPM-on-Scintillator瓷砖来实现。 HL-LHC的主要挑战之一将是高堆积环境，其相互作用顶点不仅在适当的位置，而且及时扩散。为了有效拒绝源自堆积的粒子，30 ps的订单的精确定时信息将是很大的好处。为了实现此类性能目标，HGCAL将为单个命中提供时正式测量值，其信号高于12 fc（相当于3-10 mips），以便由$ p_t $> 5 GEV的粒子产生的簇应具有比30 PS更好的计时分辨率。考虑到系统的复杂性和大小，这对读取电子设备以及校准和重建程序构成了特殊挑战。我们提出了前端电子设计的挑战，这是实验室和光束环境中原型测试以及模拟预期的定时性能的挑战。
The existing CMS endcap calorimeters will be replaced with a High Granularity Calorimeter (HGCAL) for operation at the High Luminosity (HL) LHC. Radiation hardness and excellent physics performance will be achieved by utilising silicon pad sensors and SiPM-on-scintillator tiles with high longitudinal and transverse segmentation. One of the major challenges of the HL-LHC will be the high pileup environment, with interaction vertices spread not only in position, but also in time. In order to efficiently reject particles originating from pileup, precision timing information of the order of 30 ps will be of great benefit. In order to meet such performance goals, the HGCAL will provide timing measurements for individual hits with signals above 12 fC (equivalent to 3-10 MIPs), such that clusters resulting from particles with $p_T$ > 5 GeV should have a timing resolution better than 30 ps. Given the complexity and size of the system, this poses a particular challenge to the readout electronics as well as to the calibration and reconstruction procedures. We present the challenges for the front-end electronics design, results from prototype tests in laboratory and beam environments, as well as anticipated timing performance from simulation.
