论文标题
极端野外火灾事件的计算建模：科学理解与预测，土地管理和消防员安全的应用的综合
Computational modeling of extreme wildland fire events: a synthesis of scientific understanding with applications to forecasting, land management, and firefighter safety
论文作者
论文摘要
全球大型野外火灾事件的理解和预测是，通过开发和使用计算模型，迅速提高了一个跨学科研究领域。最近的模型在双向几对计算流体动力学模型中，包括带有代表火灾传播和热量释放算法的模块的天气预测模型，模拟了跨尺度上的大气相互作用，跨越了三个数量级。与天气数据以及空中和卫星遥感数据集成了有关野外燃料和主动火灾检测的数据，现代耦合的天气火灾建模系统被用于解决当前的科学问题。与遗产工具相比，这些动态的计算建模系统提高了成本和复杂性，但已引起了突破性的见解，尤其是对极端野火事件的机制，例如高规模的极端风，与电网中断相关，并已配置为预测火灾的增长，从而扩大了我们的能力。我们综合了最近极端事件，扩展应用程序的案例研究，以及遥感系统，火灾预测工具和气象模型的挑战和局限性，这些模型增加了野火的神秘和明显的不可预测性。
The understanding and prediction of large wildland fire events around the world is a growing interdisciplinary research area advanced rapidly by development and use of computational models. Recent models bidirectionally couple computational fluid dynamics models including weather prediction models with modules containing algorithms representing fire spread and heat release, simulating fire-atmosphere interactions across scales spanning three orders of magnitude. Integrated with weather data and airborne and satellite remote sensing data on wildland fuels and active fire detection, modern coupled weather-fire modeling systems are being used to solve current science problems. Compared to legacy tools, these dynamic computational modeling systems increase cost and complexity but have produced breakthrough insights notably into the mechanisms underlying extreme wildfire events such as fine-scale extreme winds associated with interruptions of the electricity grid and have been configured to forecast a fire's growth, expanding our ability to anticipate how they will unfold. We synthesize case studies of recent extreme events, expanding applications, and the challenges and limitations in our remote sensing systems, fire prediction tools, and meteorological models that add to wildfires' mystery and apparent unpredictability.
