论文标题
Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer超导体中的Sauter-Schwinger效应
Sauter-Schwinger effect in a Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer superconductor
论文作者
论文摘要
从六十年代开始，深厚而令人惊讶的联系遵循了超导性和量子场理论的发展。安德森·希格斯（Anderson-Higgs）的机制以及狄拉克（Bogoliubov-De）方程之间的相似性是最有趣的例子。在最后一个类比中，用准颗粒激发和超导间隙能量的质量质量能量鉴定出巨大的狄拉克粒子。在这里，我们进一步遵循这种并行性，并表明它预测了出色的现象：超导Schwinger效应（SSE）。就像在量子电动力学效应中一样，在强烈的电场中从真空中创建了电子峰夫妇，我们表明静电场可以从超导地面态凝结物中产生两种连贯的激发。与耗散热激发不同，它们形成了一种新的宏观相干和无耗散状态。我们讨论了如何通过这种激励的创造来削弱超导状态。除了散发出不同的光线并提出了一种实验验证雪松效应的方法之外，我们的结果还为对超导体和电场之间相互作用的理解和开发铺平了道路。
From the sixties a deep and surprising connection has followed the development of superconductivity and quantum field theory. The Anderson-Higgs mechanism and the similarities between the Dirac and Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations are the most intriguing examples. In this last analogy, the massive Dirac particle is identified with a quasiparticle excitation and the fermion mass energy with the superconducting gap energy. Here we follow further this parallelism and show that it predicts an outstanding phenomenon: the superconducting Schwinger effect (SSE). As in the quantum electrodynamics Schwinger effect, where an electron-positron couple is created from the vacuum by an intense electric field, we show that an electrostatic field can generate two coherent excitations from the superconducting ground-state condensate. Differently from the dissipative thermal excitation, these form a new macroscopically coherent and dissipationless state. We discuss how the superconducting state is weakened by the creation of this kind of excitations. In addition to shed a different light and suggest a method for the experimental verification of the Schwinger effect, our results pave the way to the understanding and exploitation of the interaction between superconductors and electric fields.
