论文标题
限制年轻过渡行星的地层熵
Constraining the entropy of formation from young transiting planets
论文作者
论文摘要
最近，K2和Tess发现了RADII的过境行星$ \ sim $ 5-10 r $ _ \ oplus $周围的星星，年龄$ <100 $ myr。这些年轻的行星很可能是无处不在的超级美食/子纳普的祖细胞，这些祖先在具有年龄$ \ gtrsim 1 $ gyr的恒星周围进行了很好的研究。超级毕业生/亚核的形成和早期演变知之甚少。各种行星起源场景预测了广泛的可能地层熵。我们展示了Young（$ \ sim $ 20-60 Myr）的构成熵，如果测量质量，半径和年龄，则可以限制高度辐照的行星。该方法可以通过确定行星可以抵抗质量损失的高质量h/h/h/h/h/h/h/h/h/h/h/h/h/h/h/h/h/h/h/h/h的质量的作用。然后可以将其在H/HE信封质量上的下限转换为熵的上限。如果在DS TUC A和V1298 TAU周围发现的年轻行星可以实现带有$ \ Lessim 20 $ \％的行星质量测量值，则可以获得对其起源的见解。对于这些行星，较高测量的行星质量将与标准的核心核心理论一致。相比之下，下行星质量（$ \ Lessim 6-7 $ m $ _ \ oplus $）将需要在原球碟片分散期间进行“煮沸”阶段才能解释。
Recently K2 and TESS have discovered transiting planets with radii between $\sim$ 5-10 R$_\oplus$ around stars with ages $<100$ Myr. These young planets are likely to be the progenitors of the ubiquitous super-earths/sub-neptunes, that are well studied around stars with ages $\gtrsim 1$ Gyr. The formation and early evolution of super-earths/sub-neptunes are poorly understood. Various planetary origin scenarios predict a wide range of possible formation entropies. We show how the formation entropies of young ($\sim$20-60 Myr), highly irradiated planets can be constrained if their mass, radius and age are measured. This method works by determining how low-mass a H/He envelope a planet can retain against mass-loss. This lower bound on the H/He envelope mass can then be converted into an upper bound on the entropy. If planet mass measurements with errors $\lesssim 20$\% can be achieved for the discovered young planets around DS Tuc A and V1298 Tau, then insights into their origins can be obtained. For these planets, higher measured planet masses would be consistent with standard core-accretion theory. In contrast, lower planet masses ($\lesssim 6-7$ M$_\oplus$) would require a "boil-off" phase during protoplanetary disc dispersal to explain.
