论文标题
麦克斯韦结是否可集成?
Are Maxwell knots integrable?
论文作者
论文摘要
我们回顾无源麦克斯韦方程的零场解决方案的属性。我们专注于电场线和磁场线,尤其是在极限周期上,实际上可以在给定时刻打结和/或连接。我们分析了这样一个事实,即poynting载体诱导这些线的自洽时间演变,并证明阿贝尔链路不变是运动的组成部分。对于非亚伯不变的人(例如琼斯和霍姆菲普尔多项式或vassiliev不变的),预计也是如此,许多运动的积分可能意味着poynting的演变实际上是可以整合的。我们还考虑了特定的无能源“结”解决方案家族的野外线示例,试图理解何时关闭现场线路 - 并且可以通过结和链接进行讨论。基于计算机模拟,我们猜测Ranada的解决方案(每条线形成HOPF链接)是相当非凡的。通常,只有特定的线(一组量度为零)是极限循环,代表形成结/链路的闭合线,而其余的则在它们周围扭曲并保持未锁定。尽管如此,对进化和相关的整合结构的保护定律仍应持续存在。
We review properties of the null-field solutions of source-free Maxwell equations. We focus on the electric and magnetic field lines, especially on limit cycles, which actually can be knotted and/or linked at every given moment. We analyse the fact that the Poynting vector induces self-consistent time evolution of these lines and demonstrate that the Abelian link invariant is integral of motion. The same is expected to be true also for the non-Abelian invariants (like Jones and HOMFLY-PT polynomials or Vassiliev invariants), and many integrals of motion can imply that the Poynting evolution is actually integrable. We also consider particular examples of the field lines for the particular family of finite energy source-free "knot" solutions, attempting to understand when the field lines are closed -- and can be discussed in terms of knots and links. Based on computer simulations we conjecture that Ranada's solution, where every pair of lines forms a Hopf link, is rather exceptional. In general, only particular lines (a set of measure zero) are limit cycles and represent closed lines forming knots/links, while all the rest are twisting around them and remain unclosed. Still, conservation laws of Poynting evolution and associated integrable structure should persist.