论文标题
瑞利散射的量子理论
Quantum theory of Rayleigh scattering
论文作者
论文摘要
我们开发了原子雷利散射的量子理论。散射被认为是从选定的自由空间模式到其他自由空间模式的储层的入射光子放松。储层状态的其他激发被视为散射光。我们表明，激发原子的纠缠状态和入射光子在散射过程中形成。由于纠缠，光子永远不会被原子完全吸收。我们表明，即使所选模式频率与任何原子过渡频率不可固定，散射的光谱在所选模式的频率下具有最大值。散射光的线宽远小于单个原子的自发发射的线宽，因此，该过程可以视为弹性。发达的理论不使用虚拟级别的现象学概念。
We develop a quantum theory of atomic Rayleigh scattering. Scattering is considered as a relaxation of incident photons from a selected mode of free space to the reservoir of the other free space modes. Additional excitations of the reservoir states which appear are treated as scattered light. We show that an entangled state of the excited atom and the incident photon is formed during the scattering. Due to entanglement, a photon is never completely absorbed by the atom. We show that even if the selected mode frequency is incommensurable with any atomic transition frequency, the scattered light spectrum has a maximum at the frequency of the selected mode. The linewidth of scattered light is much smaller than that of the spontaneous emission of a single atom, therefore, the process can be considered as elastic. The developed theory does not use the phenomenological concept of virtual level.
