论文标题
经典相显微镜精确的基本界限
Fundamental bounds on the precision of classical phase microscopes
论文作者
论文摘要
已经设计了各种成像系统，以测量相位变化，并从物理学到生物学和医学。在这项工作中，我们从理论上比较了以射击量极限运行的经典相显微镜技术可实现的相位估计的精度。我们展示了如何计算任何线性光学系统的CRAMér-RAO结合，包括相对比显微镜，相位转换全息图，空间光干扰显微镜以及用于相成像的波前优化的局部优化。通过这些示例，我们演示了如何将该一般框架应用于经典相显微镜的设计和优化。我们的结果表明，要以最佳相位精度设计相显微镜需要波前形状。
A wide variety of imaging systems have been designed to measure phase variations, with applications from physics to biology and medicine. In this work, we theoretically compare the precision of phase estimations achievable with classical phase microscopy techniques, operated at the shot-noise limit. We show how the Cramér-Rao bound is calculated for any linear optical system, including phase-contrast microscopy, phase-shifting holography, spatial light interference microscopy, and local optimization of wavefronts for phase imaging. Through these examples, we demonstrate how this general framework can be applied for the design and optimization of classical phase microscopes. Our results show that wavefront shaping is required to design phase microscopes with optimal phase precision.
