论文标题
从地段深处计算的极深150 MHz源
Extremely deep 150 MHz source counts from the LoTSS Deep Fields
论文作者
论文摘要
随着新一代低频望远镜的出现,例如低频阵列(Lofar)和改进的校准技术,我们现在开始以前所未有的深度和敏感性揭示了Sub Ghz无线电天空。 Lofar两米天空调查(Lots)是一个正在进行的项目,在该项目中,将在150 MHz处观察到整个北部无线电天空,其灵敏度大于100 $ $ $ $ jy beam $^{ - 1} $,以\ asec {6}的分辨率。此外,计划更深入的观察结果覆盖具有较高灵敏度的较小区域。洛克曼(Lockman)的洞,博特斯(Boötes)和伊莱斯(Elais-N1)地区是最著名的北部半河流田,也是到目前为止最深的地段。我们利用这些深入的观察结果来得出迄今为止150〜MHz的最深无线电计数。我们的数量与文献中的数量很大一致,并显示了众所周知的上涨,$ \ leq $几乎没有MJY,这主要与形成星系的星系人口的出现有关。更有趣的是,我们的计数首次显示S $ \ sim $ 2 mjy,这很明显,这在Sub-Mjy通量密度下导致了突出的“颠簸”。在以前的计数的确定中未观察到这种特征(在150 MHz或较高频率下均未观察到这种特征。虽然样本差异可以在解释观察到的差异中发挥作用,但我们认为这主要是旨在逐渐分析的旨在脱颖而出的混乱来源并从无线电目录中删除虚假来源和文物的结果。任何现有的最新进化模型都无法复制此“掉落和凸起”功能,并且似乎与中间红移($ 1 <z <2 $)和低降低($ z <1 $)星系和/或AGN的AGN缺乏有关。
With the advent of new generation low-frequency telescopes, such as the LOw Frequency ARray (LOFAR), and improved calibration techniques, we have now started to unveil the sub GHz radio sky with unprecedented depth and sensitivity. The LOFAR Two Meter Sky Survey (LoTSS) is an ongoing project in which the whole northern radio sky will be observed at 150 MHz with a sensitivity better than 100 $μ$Jy beam$^{-1}$ at a resolution of \asec{6}. Additionally, deeper observations are planned to cover smaller areas with higher sensitivity. The Lockman Hole, the Boötes and the Elais-N1 regions are among the most well known northern extra-galactic fields, and the deepest of the LoTSS Deep Fields so far. We exploit these deep observations to derive the deepest radio source counts at 150~MHz to date. Our counts are in broad agreement with those from the literature, and show the well known upturn at $\leq$ few mJy, mainly associated with the emergence of the star-forming galaxy population. More interestingly, our counts show for the first time a very pronounced drop around S$\sim$2 mJy, which results in a prominent `bump' at sub-mJy flux densities. Such a feature was not observed in previous counts' determinations (neither at 150 MHz nor at higher frequency). While sample variance can play a role in explaining the observed discrepancies, we believe this is mostly the result of a careful analysis aimed at deblending confused sources and removing spurious sources and artifacts from the radio catalogues. This `drop and bump' feature cannot be reproduced by any of the existing state-of-the-art evolutionary models, and appears to be associated with a deficiency of AGN at intermediate redshift ($1<z<2$) and an excess of low-redshift ($z<1$) galaxies and/or AGN.