学术文献库

In this paper we develop a theory to calculate the structural relaxation time τ α of fragile su percooled liquids. Using the information of the configurational entropy and structure we calculate the number of dynamically free, metastable, and stable neighbors around a central particle. In supercooled liquids the cooperatively reorganizing clusters (CRCs) in which the stable neighbors form stable nonchemical bonds with the central particle emerge. For an event of relaxation to take place these bonds have to reorganize irreversibly; the energy involved in the processes is the effective activation energy of relaxation. The theory brings forth a temperature T a and a temper ature dependent parameter ψ(T ) which characterize slowing down of dynamics on cooling. It is shown that the value of ψ(T ) is equal to 1 for T > T a indicating that the underlying microscopic mechanism of relaxation is dominated by the entropy driven processes while for T < T a , ψ(T ) decreases on cooling indicating the emergence of the energy driven processes. This crossover of ψ(T ) from high to low temperatures explains the crossover seen in τ α . The dynamics of systems that may have similar static structure but very different dynamics can be understood in terms of ψ(T ). We present results for the Kob-Anderson model for three densities and show that the calculated values of τ α are in excellent agreement with simulation values for all densities. We also show that when ψ(T ), τ α and other quantities are plotted as a function of T /T a (or T a /T ) the data collapse on master curves.