论文标题
运动流体中的表面张力和能量守恒
Surface Tension and Energy Conservation in a Moving Fluid
论文作者
论文摘要
考虑到表面张力的贡献，分析了具有简单连接的自由表面的移动流体中能量的运输。这是通过遵循任意，指定速度的“控制量”，独立于流速，并确定通过边界的能量速率以及整体中的能量消散。特别是，向表面积的简单保护方程式写下来，该方程清楚地表明了自由表面上的拉普拉斯压力和其边界处的切向表面张力力的贡献。它作为其一般形式的表面能的机械保护定律出现。对于静态控制体积，表面张力的所有贡献都消失了，只是必须通过拉普拉斯的贡献来改变压力。
The transport of energy in a moving fluid with a simply connected free surface is analyzed, taking into account the contribution of surface tension. This is done by following a "control volume" with arbitrary, specified velocity, independent of the flow velocity, and determining the rates of energy passing through the boundaries, as well as the energy dissipation in the bulk. In particular, a simple conservation equation for the surface area is written down, which clearly shows the contribution of the Laplace pressure at the free surface and the tangential surface tension forces at its boundary. It emerges as the mechanical conservation law for the surface energy in its general form. For a static control volume, all contributions from surface tension disappear, except that the pressure has to be modified by the Laplace contribution.
