论文标题

上下文信息增加了广告拍卖的收入:政策变更的证据

Context information increases revenue in ad auctions: Evidence from a policy change

论文作者

Ada, Sıla, Nabout, Nadia Abou, Feit, Elea McDonnell

论文摘要

广告交易所,即进行广告印象的实时拍卖的平台,已经开发了复杂的技术和数据生态系统,以允许广告客户针对用户,但广告商可能不知道其广告的广告网站出现在哪些站点上,即广告上下文。在实践中,广告交易所可以要求发布者在提交投标之前向广告买家提供准确的广告放置信息,从而使他们可以调整特定域,子域或URL的广告的投标。但是,由于担心买家会在最理想的网站上购买广告,因此,历史上,广告交易所历史上不愿透露安置信息,这使其他网站上的库存未售出并降低平均收入。本文使用独特的数据集探讨了广告放置披露的经验效果,该数据集描述了主要欧洲大型私人广告交易所提供的上下文信息的变化。使用Diff-In-Diff分析这一点作为准实验,我们发现当提供更多上下文信息时,每印象的平均收入就会上升。这表明广告上下文信息对广告购买者很重要,并且提供更多上下文信息不会导致反转。此外的例外是在政策更改之前买家数量较少的网站;与理论一致,这些具有薄弱市场的地点并未显示出价格上涨。我们的分析增加了证据表明,与知名出版商(尤其是较小的批量,高质量站点)的广告交流应为广告买家提供站点放置信息,这几乎可以无需进行。

Ad exchanges, i.e., platforms where real-time auctions for ad impressions take place, have developed sophisticated technology and data ecosystems to allow advertisers to target users, yet advertisers may not know which sites their ads appear on, i.e., the ad context. In practice, ad exchanges can require publishers to provide accurate ad placement information to ad buyers prior to submitting their bids, allowing them to adjust their bids for ads at specific domains, subdomains or URLs. However, ad exchanges have historically been reluctant to disclose placement information due to fears that buyers will start buying ads only on the most desirable sites leaving inventory on other sites unsold and lowering average revenue. This paper explores the empirical effect of ad placement disclosure using a unique data set describing a change in context information provided by a major private European ad exchange. Analyzing this as a quasi-experiment using diff-in-diff, we find that average revenue per impression rose when more context information was provided. This shows that ad context information is important to ad buyers and that providing more context information will not lead to deconflation. The exception to this are sites which had a low number of buyers prior to the policy change; consistent with theory, these sites with thin markets do not show a rise in prices. Our analysis adds evidence that ad exchanges with reputable publishers, particularly smaller volume, high quality sites, should provide ad buyers with site placement information, which can be done at almost no cost.

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