论文标题
集体隧穿的假想时间平均场方法
Imaginary Time Mean-Field Method for Collective Tunneling
论文作者
论文摘要
背景：多体系统中的量子隧道是从冷原子到核物理学等领域的许多实验和理论研究的主题。然而，对具有强烈相互作用颗粒的量子隧穿的理论描述，例如原子核中的核子，仍然是量子物理学的主要挑战。 目的：高度可取的一种初始值的方法来说明每个相互作用粒子的自由度。 方法：受现有方法的启发，以描述具有想象时间的周期性解决方案的激体状，我们研究了使用初始值方法在平均场级别描述隧道的可能性。在两个粒子具有两孔电势的情况下，将实时和假想的Hartree动力学与精确的解决方案进行了比较。 结果：虽然实时演变表现出虚假的自我捕获效果，以防止在强烈相互作用的系统中进行隧穿，但假想的时间依赖性均值场方法可预测隧道速率与精确解决方案非常吻合。 结论：作为一种初始值方法，它可能比需要定期解决现实系统（例如重型离子融合）的方法更合适。
Background: Quantum tunneling in many-body systems is the subject of many experimental and theoretical studies in fields ranging from cold atoms to nuclear physics. However, theoretical description of quantum tunneling with strongly interacting particles, such as nucleons in atomic nuclei, remains a major challenge in quantum physics. Purpose: An initial-value approach to tunneling accounting for the degrees of freedom of each interacting particle is highly desirable. Methods: Inspired by existing methods to describe instantons with periodic solutions in imaginary time, we investigate the possibility to use an initial value approach to describe tunneling at the mean-field level. Real-time and imaginary-time Hartree dynamics are compared to the exact solution in the case of two particles in a two-well potential. Results: Whereas real-time evolutions exhibit a spurious self-trapping effect preventing tunneling in strongly interacting systems, the imaginary-time-dependent mean-field method predicts tunneling rates in excellent agreement with the exact solution. Conclusions: Being an initial-value method, it could be more suitable than approaches requiring periodic solutions to describe realistic systems such as heavy-ion fusion.
