论文标题
在M矮人周围的谐振链中形成多行星系统
Formation of multiple-planet systems in resonant chains around M dwarfs
论文作者
论文摘要
最近的观察结果表明，存在由较晚矮人周围的地球质量行星组成的多个星际系统。他们的大多数轨道都接近于通用性，这表明行星通常被困在低质量恒星周围形成中的谐振链中。我们研究了低质量恒星周围谐振链中多行星系统的形成。 Ormel等人在磁盘演化的早期阶段，通过圆盘演化的早期阶段中通过卵石积聚的多行星形成的时间进化模型由Ormel等人构建。 （2017）。我们的模拟表明，了解Protoplanet的外观时间尺度对于确定行星数量及其捕获的共振很重要：随着Protoplanet的外观时间尺度的增加，形成了更少的行星，这些行星被捕获的共振更为广泛。我们发现，有一系列Protoplanet外观时间尺度，用于在谐振链中形成稳定的多行星系统。该范围取决于恒星质量和磁盘尺寸。我们建议，原型外观时间尺度是研究在低质量恒星周围具有共振链中的行星的多个星际系统的形成的关键参数。还讨论了我们模型中行星的组成。
Recent observations have revealed the existence of multiple-planet systems composed of Earth-mass planets around late M dwarfs. Most of their orbits are close to commensurabilities, which suggests that planets were commonly trapped in resonant chains in their formation around low-mass stars. We investigate the formation of multiple-planet systems in resonant chains around low-mass stars. A time-evolution model of the multiple-planet formation via pebble accretion in the early phase of the disk evolution is constructed based on the formation model for the TRAPPIST-1 system by Ormel et al. (2017). Our simulations show that knowing the protoplanet appearance timescale is important for determining the number of planets and their trapped resonances: as the protoplanet appearance timescale increases, fewer planets are formed, which are trapped in more widely separated resonances. We find that there is a range of the protoplanet appearance timescale for forming the stable multiple-planet systems in resonant chains. This range depends on the stellar mass and disk size. We suggest that the protoplanet appearance timescale is a key parameter for studying the formation of multiple-planet systems with planets in resonant chains around low-mass stars. The composition of the planets in our model is also discussed.
