论文标题

复杂的金茨堡 - 兰道等式中的延迟的HOPF分叉和时空缓冲曲线

Delayed Hopf bifurcation and space-time buffer curves in the Complex Ginzburg-Landau equation

论文作者

Goh, Ryan, Kaper, Tasso J., Vo, Theodore

论文摘要

在本文中,在反应扩散PDES中延迟的HOPF分叉(DHB)现象在Cubic复合物Ginzburg-Landau方程中进行了分析,并具有缓慢变化的参数。我们使用固定相和最陡峭的下降的经典渐近方法表明,在HOPF分叉之前,在HOPF分叉后长时间保持了该州,在HOPF分叉和QSS和QSS越来越长时间之前,在吸引准稳态状态(QSS)的溶液一直在该州附近。在复杂的时间平面中,线性PDE的相函数具有鞍点,而stokes和anti-Stokes线对渐近线是核心。非线性项是通过将迭代方法应用于扰动给出的有关线性特定溶液的轻度PDE形式的处理。这跟踪了吸引和排斥QSS附近解决方案的亲密关系。接下来,我们表明,除了通过鞍座的钥匙stokes线之外,还有一条时空缓冲曲线曲线,线性PDE的特定解决方案停止了指数级的小,导致非线性PDE的溶液与排斥QSS的溶液差异,并与排斥的QSS和表现出较大的振动振荡。均匀的解决方案也不再以空间依赖的方式呈指数级小,这也由初始时间确定。我们发现DHB的四个不同情况,具体取决于均质和特定解决方案之间的竞争,并量化了这些方法如何依赖系统参数。为每种情况提供了示例,具有单模式,空间周期性,平滑的步骤和代数增长的源术语。同样,在DHB后振荡中观察到丰富的时空动力学。最后,结果表明,可以设计大振幅源项,以便解决方案在排斥QSS附近花费更长的时间,从而可以实现特定于区域的特定控制,以实现延迟的振荡发作。

In this article, the phenomenon of delayed Hopf bifurcations (DHB) in reaction-diffusion PDEs is analyzed in the cubic Complex Ginzburg-Landau equation with a slowly-varying parameter. We use the classical asymptotic methods of stationary phase and steepest descents to show that solutions which approach the attracting quasi-steady state (QSS) before the Hopf bifurcation remain near that state for long times after the Hopf bifurcation and the QSS has become repelling. In the complex time plane, the phase function of the linear PDE has a saddle point, and the Stokes and anti-Stokes lines are central to the asymptotics. The nonlinear terms are treated by applying an iterative method to the mild form of the PDE given by perturbations about the linear particular solution. This tracks the closeness of solutions near the attracting and repelling QSS. Next, we show that beyond a key Stokes line through the saddle there is a space-time buffer curve along which the particular solution of the linear PDE ceases to be exponentially small, causing the solution of the nonlinear PDE to diverge from the repelling QSS and exhibit large-amplitude oscillations. The homogeneous solution also stops being exponentially small in a spatially dependent manner, as determined also by the initial time. We find four different cases of DHB, depending on the competition between the homogeneous and particular solutions, and we quantify how these depend on system parameters. Examples are presented for each case, with uni-modal, spatially-periodic, smooth step, and algebraically-growing source terms. Also, rich spatio-temporal dynamics are observed in the post-DHB oscillations. Finally, it is shown that large-amplitude source terms can be designed so that solutions spend substantially longer times near the repelling QSS, and hence region-specific control over the delayed onset of oscillations can be achieved.

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