论文标题
磁铁的神秘磁层
The Mysterious Magnetospheres of Magnetars
论文作者
论文摘要
磁铁是以银河系观察到的恒星质量范围中最发光的物体，其硬X射线功率〜10^45 Erg/sec的巨大耀斑从银河系中的三个软伽马中继器中检测到。在磁性持久发射中看到的周期性，以及这一时期的独特“旋转”延长，驱动了强烈磁性的中子恒星构成这些引人入胜的来源的范式。稳定的X射线发射既包括热大气成分，也包括表现为硬X射线“尾巴”的磁层贡献。本文介绍了与磁铁的稳定硬X射线发射有关的观察性和理论元素，重点是磁层中的耗散过程，以及综合和极化的元素。它还讨论了光子拆分和磁对创造的异国情调和基本QED机制的作用和可能的特征，以及寻求其观察性辩护。
Magnetars are the most luminous compact objects in the stellar mass range observed in the Milky Way, with giant flares of hard X-ray power ~10^45 erg/sec being detected from three soft gamma repeaters in the Galactic neighborhood. Periodicity seen in magnetar persistent emission, and a distinctive "spin-down" lengthening of this period, have driven the paradigm that strongly-magnetized neutron stars constitute these fascinating sources. The steady X-ray emission includes both thermal atmospheric components, and magnetospheric contributions that are manifested as hard X-ray "tails." This paper addresses observational and theoretical elements pertinent to the steady hard X-ray emission of magnetars, focusing on dissipative processes in their magnetospheres, and elements of Comptonization and polarization. It also discusses the action and possible signatures of the exotic and fundamental QED mechanisms of photon splitting and magnetic pair creation, and the quest for their observational vindication.
