论文标题

揭示复杂城市背后的时空相互作用模式

Revealing spatio-temporal interaction patterns behind complex cities

论文作者

Liu, Chenxin, Yang, Yu, Chen, Bingsheng, Cui, Tianyu, Shang, Fan, Fan, Jingfang, Li, Ruiqi

论文摘要

城市是连接人并促进互动的典型动态复杂系统。揭示居民之间时空相互作用背后的普遍集体模式对于各种城市研究至关重要,我们仍然缺乏全面的理解。大量的手机数据使我们能够基于个体的时空同时发生构建相互作用网络。小时动态位置人群的排名尺寸分布稳定,尽管人们几乎不断地在吸引人们的城市和热点地区移动。较大的城市具有更强的异质性,如较大的缩放指数所示。在连续窗口中汇总了时空交互网络之后,我们揭示了两个状态之间城市的切换行为。在“活跃”的国家期间,整个城市都集中在更大的较大社区中。在“睡觉”状态下,人们散布在较小的社区中。上面的发现是整个大洲多元化城市的普遍性。此外,当城市人口增长时,一个城市的睡眠较少。时空相互作用隔离可以通过较小城市的住宅隔离来很好地近似,但在较大的城市中不能很好地近似。我们通过整合时间依赖性的出发概率来对人类迁移率进行动态预测,提出了一个时间群体加权 - 企业的模型,该模型可以很好地解释城市中时空相互作用的模式。

Cities are typical dynamic complex systems that connect people and facilitate interactions. Revealing universal collective patterns behind spatio-temporal interactions between residents is crucial for various urban studies, of which we are still lacking a comprehensive understanding. Massive cellphone data enable us to construct interaction networks based on spatio-temporal co-occurrence of individuals. The rank-size distributions of hourly dynamic population of locations are stable, although people are almost constantly moving in cities and hotspots that attract people are changing over time in a day. A larger city is of a stronger heterogeneity as indicated by a larger scaling exponent. After aggregating spatio-temporal interaction networks over consecutive time windows, we reveal a switching behavior of cities between two states. During the "active" state, the whole city is concentrated in fewer larger communities; while in the "sleeping" state, people are scattered in more smaller communities. Above discoveries are universal over diversified cities across continents. In addition, a city sleeps less, when its population grows larger. And spatio-temporal interaction segregation can be well approximated by residential segregation in smaller cities, but not in larger ones. We propose a temporal-population-weighted-opportunity model by integrating time-dependent departure probability to make dynamic predictions on human mobility, which can reasonably well explain observed patterns of spatio-temporal interactions in cities.

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