论文标题
经典对象合并的算法和行星系统的形成
An algorithm for coalescence of classical objects and formation of planetary systems
论文作者
论文摘要
艾萨克·牛顿（Isaac Newton）制定了中央差异算法（Eur。J.Plus（2020）135：267），当时他得出了第二种法律。该算法以各种名称（“ verlet，leap-frog，...”）为物理和化学中复杂系统模拟中最常用的算法，并且也用于天体物理学。他的离散动态具有与他的确切分析动力相同的质量，并具有时间可逆性，符号性和对动量，角动量和能量的保存。在这里，该算法扩展到碰撞中的对象融合。扩展算法用于在行星系统的出现下获得天体物体的自组装。获得了十二个行星系统的出现。即使两个“行星”碰撞或行星被阳光吞没，这些系统在很长的时间内都是稳定的。
Isaac Newton formulated the central difference algorithm (Eur. Phys. J. Plus (2020) 135:267) when he derived his second law. The algorithm is under various names ("Verlet, leap-frog,...") the most used algorithm in simulations of complex systems in Physics and Chemistry, and it is also applied in Astrophysics. His discrete dynamics has the same qualities as his exact analytic dynamics for contineus space and time with time reversibility, symplecticity and conservation of momentum, angular momentum and energy. Here the algorithm is extended to include the fusion of objects at collisions. The extended algorithm is used to obtain the self-assembly of celestial objects at the emergence of planetary systems. The emergence of twelve planetary systems is obtained. The systems are stable over very long times, even when two "planets" collide or if a planet is engulfed by its sun.
