论文标题
暗物质现实主义
Dark Matter Realism
论文作者
论文摘要
根据宇宙学的标准模型LambDACDM，宇宙当前阶段的质量能预算并不是我们所熟悉的发光物，而是由某种形式的暗物质（和暗能量）所占据。因此，采用有关暗物质的科学现实主义是很诱人的。但是，对该实体的无数属性几乎没有任何限制 - 甚至不确定这是一种物质。鉴于这种不确定的问题，我提倡：我们不应该（我们）是暗物质现实主义者。我想到的“不是（-yet） - 现实主义”与Hacking（1989）的反现实主义不同，因为它是语义而不是认识论。它也不同于逻辑经验主义的语义反现实主义，因为它是自然主义的，因此它可能只是暂时的，并且不会自动适用于所有其他无法观察到的东西（甚至仅适用于所有其他天文学不可观察的东西，就像黑客的反现实主义一样）。该论点用基因概念的更长历史的比喻来说明，因为暗物质的概念的当前状态类似于一些相关的基因概念的相关方式。
According to the standard model of cosmology, LambdaCDM, the mass-energy budget of the current stage of the universe is not dominated by the luminous matter that we are familiar with, but instead by some form of dark matter (and dark energy). It is thus tempting to adopt scientific realism about dark matter. However, there are barely any constraints on the myriad of possible properties of this entity -- it is not even certain that it is a form of matter. In light of this underdetermination I advocate caution: we should not (yet) be dark matter realists. The "not(-yet)-realism" that I have in mind is different from Hacking's (1989) anti-realism, in that it is semantic rather than epistemological. It also differs from the semantic anti-realism of logical empiricism, in that it is naturalistic, such that it may only be temporary and does not automatically apply to all other unobservables (or even just to all other astronomical unobservables, as with Hacking's anti-realism). The argument is illustrated with the analogy of the much longer history of the concept of a gene, as the current state of the concept of dark matter resembles in some relevant ways that of the early concept of genes.
