论文标题
泄漏如何停止
How a leak can stop itself
论文作者
论文摘要
小流体泄漏很常见，而且经常麻烦。我们经常考虑如何停止泄漏，但是在这里我们提出了一个不同的问题：泄漏如何停止自身？我们通过实验研究从连续排水到自发停滞的流动过渡。高速成像表明，流体破裂事件会产生液滴，其拉普拉斯的压力反对泄漏。早期的液滴不稳定，允许泄漏继续，但最终最终的封盖液滴通过轻度抑制的谐波振荡使稳定的球形盖平衡。一种总能量理论，结合了尝试上限液滴的潜在和动能的能量，表明惯性在泄漏 - 停车机制中起关键作用。进一步研究了这种系统中铆钉流的稳定性的实验表明，从连续流到离散流的过渡是确定何时泄漏可以停止自身的必不可少的先决条件。
Small fluid leaks are common and frequently troublesome. We often consider how to stop a leak, but here we ask a different question: how might a leak stop itself? We experimentally study leaking flow transitions from continuous drainage to spontaneous arrest. High-speed imaging reveals that fluid breakup events generate droplets whose Laplace pressures oppose the leak. Early droplets grow unstably, allowing the leak to continue, but ultimately a final capping droplet equilibrates to a stable spherical cap via lightly damped harmonic oscillations. A total energetic theory incorporating both the potential and kinetic energy of attempted capping droplets shows that inertia plays a key role in the leak-stop mechanism. Further experiments examining the stability of rivulet flow in such a system demonstrate that a transition from continuous to discrete flow is an essential prerequisite in determining when a leak can stop itself.
