论文标题
牛角流星复合物的观察合成
An observational synthesis of the Taurid meteor complex
论文作者
论文摘要
我们概述了四个主要的牛头人淋浴的观测特性,即北部和南部牛仔(#017 NTA和#002 STA),beta taurids(#173 BTA)和Zeta Perseids(#172 zpe)。从视觉,光学和雷达测量结果分析了二十多年来的流星观察结果,我们列出了牛角的平均活性,强度年度变化,辐射漂移和轨道变化,这是太阳经度和粒径的函数。在春季和秋天的几周内检测到牛头丝淋浴,但它们的年度活动水平通常很低(每小时少于15个视觉流星)。我们发现STA在秋季占主导地位,而其双胞胎ZPE在春季在BTA上占主导地位。由于它们的持续时间很长,每个淋浴的辐射和轨道元素的位置随时间变化。光学测量以前记录了由木星中7:2的平均运动共振中捕获的一群流星体返回引起的Sta活性和提高的火球率。但是,我们发现在雷达数据中没有群的存在,这表明从共振速度中比产生火球的酿酒体更快地从共振中删除了小流星。我们还发现,在活动期的早期,STA富含较小的颗粒。我们在不同粒径的淋浴之间分析中识别的差异为牛角体气象体配合物的未来动力学建模提供了强烈的观察性约束。
We provide an overview of the observational properties of the four major Taurid showers, namely the Northern and Southern Taurids (#017 NTA and #002 STA), the Beta Taurids (#173 BTA) and the Zeta Perseids (#172 ZPE). Analysing more than two decades of meteor observations from visual, optical and radar measurements we present the Taurids average activity, annual variations in strength, radiant drift and orbital variations as a function of solar longitude and particle size. The Taurid showers are detected over several weeks in the spring and autumn, but their annual activity level is generally low (less than 15 visual meteors per hour). We find the STA to be predominant in autumn, while its twin the ZPE dominates over the BTA in spring. Due to their long duration, the position of each shower's radiant and orbital elements are variable with time. Optical measurements have previously recorded enhanced STA activity and increased fireball rates caused by the return of a swarm of meteoroids trapped in the 7:2 mean motion resonance with Jupiter. However, we find no presence of the swarm in radar data, suggesting that small meteoroids are removed from the resonance faster than fireball-producing meteoroids. We also find the STA to be enriched in smaller particles early in their activity period. The differences we identify in our analysis between the showers at different particle sizes provide strong observational constraints to future dynamical modelling of the Taurid Meteoroid Complex.