论文标题
脉冲星周围的伽马射线光环是理解银河系中宇宙射线传输的关键
Gamma-ray halos around pulsars as the key to understanding cosmic ray transport in the Galaxy
论文作者
论文摘要
脉冲星是相对论电子和正电子的工厂，它们从脉冲星繁殖，后来渗透到我们的银河系中。这些粒子的加速和传播是激烈的争论。在过去的几年中，我们有机会直接观察到这些颗粒在脉冲星周围的伽马射照光环中将这些颗粒注射到星际介质中。这种新型的伽马射线源是由电子和正上子从脉冲星风星云和散射环境光子场中产生的，以产生γ射线。这个新的研究领域在不同的波长和各种理论模型上都有许多观察结果和约束，这些模型解释了这些光晕的特征。我们研究了从光晕的观察结果及其对银河系中粒子传输的局部和全球影响推断出的宇宙射线传播的特征。我们还在不久的将来讨论了与Lhaaso，CTA或SWGO等设施观察到这些来源的前景。
Pulsars are factories of relativistic electrons and positrons that propagate away from the pulsar, permeating later our Galaxy. The acceleration and propagation of these particles are a matter of intense debate. In the last few years, we had the opportunity to directly observing the injection of these particles into the interstellar medium through the discovery of gamma-ray halos around pulsars. This new type of gamma-ray source is produced by electrons and positrons diffusing out of the pulsar wind nebula and scattering ambient photon fields to produce gamma rays. This new field of study comes with a number of observations and constraints at different wavelengths and a variety of theoretical models explaining the characteristics of these halos. We examine the characteristics of the propagation of cosmic rays inferred from the observations of halos and their local and global implications on particle transport in the Galaxy. We also discuss the prospects for observations of these sources with facilities such as LHAASO, or CTA or SWGO in the near future.
