论文标题
IAU系外行星的定义
The IAU Working Definition of an Exoplanet
论文作者
论文摘要
在上古时,所有相对于恒星的背景天空移动的所有持久天体都被认为是行星。在哥白尼革命期间,此定义被改为绕着太阳绕的物体,去除太阳和月亮,但将地球添加到已知行星的列表中。因此,行星的概念不仅是一个自然,起源,成分,质量或大小的问题,而且从历史上看,一个与一个身体在另一个身体围绕另一个身体的运动相关的概念。 在IAU委员会F2“系外行星和太阳系”中的讨论之后,在“系外行星”一词的定义中引入了Star-planet质量比的标准,从而需要在我们的太阳系中看到的层次结构,以使对象被称为exoplanet。此外,只要遵循质量比标准,绕着棕色矮人的行星质量物体被视为系外行星。因此,IAU委员会F2“系外行星和太阳系”于2018年8月修订了当前对系外行星的工作定义,如下所示: - 具有真正质量的物体低于限制范围的热核融合的物体(目前计算为太阳金属性对象的13个木星质量),该范围是旋转星星,棕色矮人或恒星遗迹,并且与质量比在$ l_4 $/$ l_5 $ l_5 $ intibality的中心对象($ l_4 $/$ m/m m/m _________)中央} $$ <$$ 2/(25+ \ sqrt {621} $)$ \ $ \ $ 1/25)是“行星”,无论它们如何形成。 - 当地极物体被视为行星所需的最小质量/大小应与我们太阳系中使用的行星相同,这是一个足够的质量,既足以克服刚性的身体力量,也可以清除物体轨道周围的邻域。 在这里,我们讨论了这个定义背后的历史和理由。
In antiquity, all of the enduring celestial bodies that were seen to move relative to the background sky of stars were considered planets. During the Copernican revolution, this definition was altered to objects orbiting around the Sun, removing the Sun and Moon but adding the Earth to the list of known planets. The concept of planet is thus not simply a question of nature, origin, composition, mass or size, but historically a concept related to the motion of one body around the other, in a hierarchical configuration. After discussion within the IAU Commission F2 "Exoplanets and the Solar System", the criterion of the star-planet mass ratio has been introduced in the definition of the term "exoplanet", thereby requiring the hierarchical structure seen in our Solar System for an object to be referred to as an exoplanet. Additionally, the planetary mass objects orbiting brown dwarfs, provided they follow the mass ratio criterion, are now considered as exoplanets. Therefore, the current working definition of an exoplanet, as amended in August 2018 by IAU Commission F2 "Exoplanets and the Solar System", reads as follows: - Objects with true masses below the limiting mass for thermonuclear fusion of deuterium (currently calculated to be 13 Jupiter masses for objects of solar metallicity) that orbit stars, brown dwarfs or stellar remnants and that have a mass ratio with the central object below the $L_4$/$L_5$ instability ($M/M_{\rm central}$$<$$2/(25+\sqrt{621}$)$\approx$1/25) are "planets", no matter how they formed. - The minimum mass/size required for an extrasolar object to be considered a planet should be the same as that used in our Solar System, which is a mass sufficient both for self-gravity to overcome rigid body forces and for clearing the neighborhood around the object's orbit. Here we discuss the history and the rationale behind this definition.