论文标题
强烈压缩的颗粒筏
Unjamming strongly compressed particle rafts
论文作者
论文摘要
我们通过实验研究了限制在两个固定壁和两个可移动屏障之间的强压缩颗粒筏的无障碍动力学。后屏障是由弹性带制成的,其偏转表示局部应力。前屏障被大门刺穿,该大门触发了当地的脱节。通过仅移动附近折叠形成的两个屏障之一来压缩筏。使用高速成像,我们遵循折叠,堵塞和自由式的筏区域,并测量最初限制域内和外部的速度场。发展了两种截然不同的行为。对于由后屏障压缩的筏,只会发生部分脱节。在过程结束时,保留了许多褶皱,而背应力不会放松。流量仅沿压缩轴和经过栅极的颗粒形成一个密集的筏,其宽度为栅极宽度。对于在正面压缩的筏子,观察到了准统计的脱节。没有折叠持续存在,只有最小的压力仍然存在(如果有的话)。颗粒沿压缩轴流动,但也通常向其流动,并在门后形成一个相当圆形而不是密度的组件。我们将这种差异归因于从压缩侧和分支构建的力链网络的相反方向。对于在栅极侧压缩的筏,立即去除基石颗粒,从而增强局部分离,并导致大规模的无障碍。相反,对于背部压缩筏,力链网络将应力重定向到栅极周围的拱形,并导致有限的无果断过程。
We experimentally study the unjamming dynamics of strongly compressed particle rafts confined between two fixed walls and two movable barriers. The back barrier is made of an elastic band, whose deflection indicates the local stress. The front barrier is pierced by a gate, whose opening triggers local unjamming. The rafts are compressed by moving only one of the two barriers in the vicinity of which folds form. Using high speed imaging, we follow the folded, jammed, and unjammed raft areas and measure the velocity fields inside and outside of the initially confined domain. Two very different behaviors develop. For rafts compressed by the back barrier, only partial unjamming occurs. At the end of the process, many folds remain and the back stress does not relax. The flow develops only along the compression axis and the particles passing the gate form a dense raft whose width is the gate width. For rafts compressed at the front, quasi-total unjamming is observed. No folds persist and only minimal stress remains, if any. The particles flow along the compression axis but also normally to it and form, after the gate, a rather circular and not dense assembly. We attribute this difference to the opposite orientation of the force chain network that builds up from the compressed side and branchs. For rafts compressed at the gate side, keystone particles are immediately removed which enhances local disentanglement and leads to large scale unjamming. In contrast, for back compressed rafts, the force chain network redirects the stress laterally forming arches around the gate and resulting in a limited unjamming process.