论文标题
活性生物聚合物网络的无电动收缩力
Motor-free contractility of active biopolymer networks
论文作者
论文摘要
动物细胞中的收缩力通常是由分子电机（例如肌球蛋白）产生的，肌球蛋白需要极性底物才能发挥其功能。在最近的实验证据的动机上，我们提出了一种强大的无运动机制，该机制可以在生物聚合物网络中产生收缩，而无需底物极性。我们表明，收缩性是交联的主动结合/解开交联的自然结果，它破坏了详细的平衡原理，以及半融合生物聚合物的不对称力扩展响应。我们使用简单的粗粒模型和更详细的显微镜模型来计算所得的收缩速度，用于粘弹性生物聚合物网络。我们的模型可以提供有关细胞中运动无关收缩力的最新报告的解释。我们的结果还提出了一种在合成活性材料中产生收缩力的机制。
Contractility in animal cells is often generated by molecular motors such as myosin, which require polar substrates for their function. Motivated by recent experimental evidence of motor-independent contractility, we propose a robust motor-free mechanism that can generate contraction in biopolymer networks without the need for substrate polarity. We show that contractility is a natural consequence of active binding/unbinding of crosslinkers that breaks the Principle of Detailed Balance, together with the asymmetric force-extension response of semiflexible biopolymers. We calculate the resulting contractile velocity using both a simple coarse-grained model and a more detailed microscopic model for a viscoelastic biopolymer network. Our model may provide an explanation of recent reports of motor-independent contractility in cells. Our results also suggest a mechanism for generating contractile forces in synthetic active materials.
