论文标题
通过人工原子的指数机制的马尔可夫链实现的确切隐私保证
Exact Privacy Guarantees for Markov Chain Implementations of the Exponential Mechanism with Artificial Atoms
论文作者
论文摘要
在差异隐私中实现指数机制通常需要从棘手的分布中进行取样。当使用Markov Chain Monte Carlo(MCMC)之类的近似程序时,最终结果会带来隐私和准确性的成本。现有工作已逐渐研究这些效果,但是实践中需要可实施的有限样本结果,以便用户可以预先指定隐私预算,并具有确切的隐私保证的采样器。在本文中,我们使用来自奇异理论和完美模拟的工具来设计精确的有限运行时采样算法,通过使用人工原子引入中间修改的目标分布来为指数机理设计。我们提出了对这种采样算法的额外修改,该算法维持其$ε$ -DP的保证,并以某些实用程序为代价改善了运行时。然后,我们比较这些方法在使用标准MCMC技术时会产生的情况(如$(ε,δ)$ -DP中,我们可以显式计算$δ$成本。随着隐私和公用事业之间的众所周知的权衡,我们证明了隐私保证与运行时之间的权衡。
Implementations of the exponential mechanism in differential privacy often require sampling from intractable distributions. When approximate procedures like Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) are used, the end result incurs costs to both privacy and accuracy. Existing work has examined these effects asymptotically, but implementable finite sample results are needed in practice so that users can specify privacy budgets in advance and implement samplers with exact privacy guarantees. In this paper, we use tools from ergodic theory and perfect simulation to design exact finite runtime sampling algorithms for the exponential mechanism by introducing an intermediate modified target distribution using artificial atoms. We propose an additional modification of this sampling algorithm that maintains its $ε$-DP guarantee and has improved runtime at the cost of some utility. We then compare these methods in scenarios where we can explicitly calculate a $δ$ cost (as in $(ε, δ)$-DP) incurred when using standard MCMC techniques. Much as there is a well known trade-off between privacy and utility, we demonstrate that there is also a trade-off between privacy guarantees and runtime.