论文标题
在存在杂质的情况下，接近零能量的Caroli-De Gennes Matricon涡流状态
Near zero-energy Caroli-de Gennes-Matricon vortex states in the presence of impurities
论文作者
论文摘要
Caroli-De Gennes-Matricon（CDGM）状态是局部状态，具有离散的能量光谱与超导体中涡流的核心结合。在拓扑超导体中，CDGM状态被预测与零能量共存，无物态被广泛称为Majorana零模式（MZMS）。由于它们的能量差，当前的实验依赖于扫描隧道光谱法来区分它们。这项工作表明，静电不均匀性可以在不存在MZM的非人群系统中，将琐碎的CDGM态随意接近零能量。此外，在相同的机制下，CDGM状态的BCS电荷被抑制。通过探索杂质参数空间，我们确定这两种现象通常发生在辅音中。我们的结果表明，即使在估计的CDGM水平间距（在没有杂质的情况下）大得多，CDGM中的能量和电荷转移也足以模仿MZM的光谱特征。
Caroli-de Gennes-Matricon (CdGM) states are localized states with a discrete energy spectrum bound to the core of vortices in superconductors. In topological superconductors, CdGM states are predicted to coexist with zero-energy, chargeless states widely known as Majorana zero modes (MZMs). Due to their energy difference, current experiments rely on scanning tunneling spectroscopy methods to distinguish between them. This work shows that electrostatic inhomogeneities can push trivial CdGM states arbitrarily close to zero energy in non-topological systems where no MZM is present. Furthermore, the BCS charge of CdGM states is suppressed under the same mechanism. Through exploration of the impurity parameter space, we establish that these two phenomena generally happen in consonance. Our results show that energy and charge shifts in CdGM may be enough to imitate the spectroscopic signatures of MZMs even in cases where the estimated CdGM level spacing (in the absence of impurities) is much larger than the typical experimental level broadening.
