论文标题
美国的环境不公正：暴露于空气污染健康损害货运的种族差异
Environmental injustice in America: Racial disparities in exposure to air pollution health damages from freight trucking
论文作者
论文摘要
货运卡车生产的PM2.5对人类健康产生不利影响。但是，未知货运运输在多大程度上影响着有色人种社区以及该行业产生的公共卫生负担。根据空间解决的美国联邦政府数据，我们探讨了货运货运排放的地理分布，并证明黑人和西班牙裔人口更有可能暴露于货运卡车的排放量提高。我们的结果表明，货运卡车占NOX的约10％，约有12％的二氧化碳排放量来自美国大陆的所有来源。美国货运货运公司的NOX，PM2.5，SO2和CO2造成的人类健康和环境成本分别估计为$ 11B，5.5亿美元，1.1亿美元和30B美元。总体而言，该行业负责所有与运输相关的公共卫生损失中近五分之一（$ 47B）。
PM2.5 produced by freight trucks has adverse impacts on human health. However, it is unknown to what extent freight trucking affects communities of color and the total public health burden arising from the sector. Based on spatially resolved US federal government data, we explore the geographic distribution of freight trucking emissions and demonstrate that Black and Hispanic populations are more likely to be exposed to elevated emissions from freight trucks. Our results indicate that freight trucks contribute ~10% of NOx and ~12% of CO2 emissions from all sources in the continental US. The annual costs to human health and the environment due to NOx, PM2.5, SO2, and CO2 from freight trucking in the US are estimated respectively to be $11B, $5.5B, $110M, and $30B. Overall, the sector is responsible for nearly two-fifths (~$47B out of $120B) of all transportation-related public health damages.
