论文标题
关于球状簇的形成：与观测的比较
On the formation of globular clusters: comparison with observations
论文作者
论文摘要
该论文处理在大型恒星反馈以及辐射冷却和原始云的金属性产生的约束下，在球状簇中至少形成两个恒星世代所需的条件。我们的计算基于对第一恒星生成（1G）$ε_{1G} $的星形形成效率的两个主要约束。首先，$ε_{1G} $仅限于保证恒星风和超新星不会破坏第二代（2G）形成的剩余气体。其次，$ε_{1G} $也受到限制，因此，与观测值一致，被困的超新星引起的金属增强功能不大于$ \ sim $ 0.1 dex。几个中心参数定义了球状簇的最终结果：原始云的质量和半径，其金属性和$ε_{1G} $。在这里显示由满足所有约束的模型组成的参数空间与第一代恒星（$ f _ {\ textrm {1g}} $）和总群集质量之间的分散观察到的抗相关性非常好。我们的模型还辨别出金属性与质量（或半径）平面的单人群和多个种群簇之间的数据。因此，我们的结果表明，多个恒星种群的存在与原始球形簇保持一小部分剩余气体的能力密切相关。
The paper deals with the conditions required to form at least two stellar generations in globular clusters under the constraints generated by feedback from massive stars as well as radiative cooling and the metallicity of the primordial clouds. Our calculations are based on two main constraints to the star formation efficiency of the first stellar generation (1G) $ε_{1G}$. First, $ε_{1G}$ is restricted to warrant that stellar winds and supernovae do not disrupt the leftover gas out of which a second generation (2G) would form. Second, $ε_{1G}$ is also limited such that the metallicity enhancement caused by trapped supernovae is, in agreement with the observations, not larger than $\sim$ 0.1 dex. Several central parameters define the globular clusters end result: the mass and radius of the primordial clouds, their metallicity and $ε_{1G}$. The parameter space composed by models which fulfilled all constraints, is here shown to coincide remarkably well with the scattered observed anti-correlation between the fraction of first generation stars ($f_{\textrm{1G}}$) and total cluster mass. Our models also discern, in agreement with the data, between single and multiple population clusters in a metallicity versus mass (or radius) plane. Hence, our results suggest that the presence of multiple stellar populations is closely linked to the ability of proto-globular clusters to retain a fraction of leftover gas.
