论文标题
考虑不确定性和电池降解的极端快速充电站中的电池能量存储和光伏系统尺寸
Sizing Battery Energy Storage and PV System in an Extreme Fast Charging Station Considering Uncertainties and Battery Degradation
论文作者
论文摘要
本文介绍了混合整数线性编程（MILP）配方，以在极端快速充电站（XFC）中获得电池能量存储系统（BES）和太阳能生成系统的最佳尺寸，以减少年度总成本。提出的模型以八种代表性的场景为特征，并获得了该站的最佳能源管理和BESS操作以利用每种情况的能量套利。与现存的文献相比，本文提出了基于恒定功率恒定电压（CPCV）的改进概率方法，以建模XFCS为工作日和周末充电需求。本文还根据现实的公用事业关税概述了每月和年度需求费用。此外，模型中考虑了BESS生命的降解，以确保在经过考虑的计划视野期间不需要替换。与文献不同，本文使用累积电荷/放电能量概念提供了务实的MILP配方，以进行贝斯电荷/放电周期。 McCormick松弛和Big-M方法用于放松BESS操作约束中的双线性术语。最后，提出并利用了基于强大的优化的MILP模型来解释电价，太阳能生成和XFCS需求的不确定性。进行了案例研究以表示拟议配方的功效。
This paper presents mixed integer linear programming (MILP) formulations to obtain optimal sizing for a battery energy storage system (BESS) and solar generation system in an extreme fast charging station (XFCS) to reduce the annualized total cost. The proposed model characterizes a typical year with eight representative scenarios and obtains the optimal energy management for the station and BESS operation to exploit the energy arbitrage for each scenario. Contrasting extant literature, this paper proposes a constant power constant voltage (CPCV) based improved probabilistic approach to model the XFCS charging demand for weekdays and weekends. This paper also accounts for the monthly and annual demand charges based on realistic utility tariffs. Furthermore, BESS life degradation is considered in the model to ensure no replacement is needed during the considered planning horizon. Different from the literature, this paper offers pragmatic MILP formulations to tally BESS charge/discharge cycles using the cumulative charge/discharge energy concept. McCormick relaxations and the Big-M method are utilized to relax the bi-linear terms in the BESS operational constraints. Finally, a robust optimization-based MILP model is proposed and leveraged to account for uncertainties in electricity price, solar generation, and XFCS demand. Case studies were performed to signify the efficacy of the proposed formulations.
