论文标题
巴西的数据在AI时代有风险？
The Brazilian Data at Risk in the Age of AI?
论文作者
论文摘要
图像处理和分析以及机器学习技术的进步有助于在日常工作中使用生物识别系统。这些任务从简单访问移动设备到在社交网络上共享的照片中标记朋友以及在自助服务设备上用于银行交易的复杂财务运营的标记。在中国，这些系统的使用超越了个人使用，成为一个国家的政府政策，目的是监测其人口的行为。 2021年7月5日，巴西政府宣布收购将在全国范围内使用的生物识别系统。在与中国相反的方向上，欧洲和一些美国城市已经开始讨论在公共场所使用生物识别系统的合法性，甚至禁止在其领土上进行这种做法。为了对使用这些系统的风险和合法性进行更深入的讨论，这项工作暴露了生物识别系统的脆弱性，将其精力集中在面部模式上。此外，它表明了如何通过称为变形的文献中的众所周知的演示攻击方法来欺骗生物识别系统。最后，创建了十个问题的清单，以开始讨论人工智能时代（AI）中公民数据和数据隐私法的安全性。
Advances in image processing and analysis as well as machine learning techniques have contributed to the use of biometric recognition systems in daily people tasks. These tasks range from simple access to mobile devices to tagging friends in photos shared on social networks and complex financial operations on self-service devices for banking transactions. In China, the use of these systems goes beyond personal use becoming a country's government policy with the objective of monitoring the behavior of its population. On July 05th 2021, the Brazilian government announced acquisition of a biometric recognition system to be used nationwide. In the opposite direction to China, Europe and some American cities have already started the discussion about the legality of using biometric systems in public places, even banning this practice in their territory. In order to open a deeper discussion about the risks and legality of using these systems, this work exposes the vulnerabilities of biometric recognition systems, focusing its efforts on the face modality. Furthermore, it shows how it is possible to fool a biometric system through a well-known presentation attack approach in the literature called morphing. Finally, a list of ten concerns was created to start the discussion about the security of citizen data and data privacy law in the Age of Artificial Intelligence (AI).
