论文标题
在工作证明区块链的仓库上
On the Storage Overhead of Proof-of-Work Blockchains
论文作者
论文摘要
长期以来，无许可的区块链（例如比特币）因其高度计算和存储开销而受到批评。不幸的是，尽管许多建议涉及现有工作证明部署的能源消耗，但到目前为止，几乎没有关注这些区块链产生的存储开销。实际上，支持区块链的完整节点必须自愿提供数百个GB的存储，以存储和验证系统中交换的所有交易，这似乎是可以接受的。 在本文中，我们探讨了解决方案空间，以有效地减少基于工作证明的区块链的存储足迹。为此，我们通过彻底的经验测量来分析现有的完整区块链节点如何利用共享分类帐的数据来验证传入的交易/块。基于此分析，我们表明，完整节点可以将其存储足迹局部减少到约15 GB，而无需对基础协议进行任何修改。我们还讨论了其他客户端策略，以进一步减少存储足迹，同时在节点上产生可忽略的计算开销。
Permissionless blockchains such as Bitcoin have long been criticized for their high computational and storage overhead. Unfortunately, while a number of proposals address the energy consumption of existing Proof-of-Work deployments, little attention has been given so far to remedy the storage overhead incurred by those blockchains. In fact, it seems widely acceptable that full nodes supporting the blockchains have to volunteer hundreds of GBs of their storage, to store and verify all transactions exchanged in the system. In this paper, we explore the solution space to effectively reduce the storage footprint of Proof-of-Work based blockchains. To do so, we analyze, by means of thorough empirical measurements, how existing full blockchain nodes utilize data from the shared ledger to validate incoming transactions/blocks. Based on this analysis, we show that it is possible for full nodes to locally reduce their storage footprint to approximately 15 GB, without any modification to the underlying protocol. We also discuss other client-side strategies to further reduce the storage footprint while incurring negligible computational overhead on the nodes.
