论文标题
量子估计中的测量噪声敏感性
Measurement noise susceptibility in quantum estimation
论文作者
论文摘要
Fisher信息是整个量子计量学领域的关键概念。它允许直接量化最大可实现的精度，即使用最通用的量子测量值在量子状态中编码的参数估计。但是，无法量化量子估计方案的鲁棒性针对测量缺陷的鲁棒性，这些方案始终存在于任何实际实施中。在这里，我们介绍了一个新的Fisher信息测量噪声敏感性的概念，该噪声易感性量化了由于小小的测量干扰而导致的Fisher信息的潜在丢失。我们得出了数量的明确公式，并证明了其在分析范式量子估计方案（包括干涉法和超分辨率光学成像）中的有用性。
Fisher Information is a key notion in the whole field of quantum metrology. It allows for a direct quantification of maximal achievable precision of estimation of parameters encoded in quantum states using the most general quantum measurement. It fails, however, to quantify the robustness of quantum estimation schemes against measurement imperfections, which are always present in any practical implementations. Here, we introduce a new concept of Fisher Information Measurement Noise Susceptibility that quantifies the potential loss of Fisher Information due to small measurement disturbance. We derive an explicit formula for the quantity, and demonstrate its usefulness in analysis of paradigmatic quantum estimation schemes, including interferometry and super-resolution optical imaging.
