论文标题
动荡的冷流诞生了第一个类星体
Turbulent Cold Flows Gave Birth to the First Quasars
论文作者
论文摘要
在大爆炸之后不到十亿年的超级质量黑洞（SMBHS）驱动的类星体如何在发现$^{1-4} $之后20年中仍然是天体物理学的杰出问题之一。宇宙学模拟表明，如果出生时，在低剪切环境中，在低剪切环境中汇聚在原始光环上的罕见冷流可以创建这些类星体，但在出生时无法解决他们的构造$^{5-8} $。对原始类星体的祖细胞光环的半分析研究发现，它有利于形成这种种子，但无法验证是否真的出现了$^9 $。在这里，我们表明，强烈，冷积聚流的罕见收敛性的光环会产生巨大的BH种子，而无需紫外线背景，超音速流动运动甚至原子冷却。冷流驱动剧烈的，在光环中超音速湍流，阻止了恒星形成，直到达到突然，灾难性的bary子倒塌的质量，形成了31,000和40,000 m $ $ _ {\ odot} $ stars。这个简单，强大的过程可确保能够以Z $> 6美元形成类星体的光环产生巨大的种子。因此，第一个类星体是冷暗物质宇宙学中结构形成的自然结果，而不是像以前认为的$^{10-14} $那样异国情调，调整的环境。
How quasars powered by supermassive black holes (SMBHs) formed less than a billion years after the Big Bang is still one of the outstanding problems in astrophysics 20 years after their discovery$^{1-4}$. Cosmological simulations suggest that rare cold flows converging on primordial haloes in low-shear environments could have created these quasars if they were 10$^4$ - 10$^5$ M$_{\odot}$ at birth but could not resolve their formation$^{5-8}$. Semianalytical studies of the progenitor halo of a primordial quasar found that it favours the formation of such seeds but could not verify if one actually appeared$^9$. Here we show that a halo at the rare convergence of strong, cold accretion flows creates massive BH seeds without the need for UV backgrounds, supersonic streaming motions, or even atomic cooling. Cold flows drive violent, supersonic turbulence in the halo that prevents star formation until it reaches a mass that triggers sudden, catastrophic baryon collapse that forms 31,000 and 40,000 M$_{\odot}$ stars. This simple, robust process ensures that haloes capable of forming quasars by z $>$ 6 produce massive seeds. The first quasars were thus a natural consequence of structure formation in cold dark matter cosmologies, not exotic, finely-tuned environments as previously thought$^{10-14}$.
