论文标题
通过遗传流失检查HIV与免疫系统之间的相互作用
Inspecting the interaction between HIV and the immune system through genetic turnover
论文作者
论文摘要
人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的慢性感染产生了一个非常复杂的共同进化过程，该病毒试图逃脱连续适应宿主免疫系统。该过程的定量细节在很大程度上是未知的，可以帮助疾病治疗和疫苗发育。在这里，我们研究了十个感染HIV的人的纵向数据集，其中B细胞受体和病毒都经过深入测序。我们专注于简单的营业额度量，该量度量化了病毒菌株的组成和时间点之间的免疫库的变化多少。在单一患者水平上，病毒宿主的周转率没有显示出任何统计学上的显着相关性，但是如果这些信息跨患者汇总，则它们相关。特别是，我们确定了一种抗相关性：病毒池组成的巨大变化随B细胞受体库中的微小变化而变化。这个结果似乎与天真的期望相矛盾，即当病毒迅速突变时，免疫曲目需要改变才能跟上。但是，我们表明观察到的抗相关自然出现，可以从简单的种群基因模型来理解。
Chronic infections of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) create a very complex co-evolutionary process, where the virus tries to escape the continuously adapting host immune system. Quantitative details of this process are largely unknown and could help in disease treatment and vaccine development. Here we study a longitudinal dataset of ten HIV-infected people, where both the B-cell receptors and the virus are deeply sequenced. We focus on simple measures of turnover, which quantify how much the composition of the viral strains and the immune repertoire change between time points. At the single-patient level, the viral-host turnover rates do not show any statistically significant correlation, however they correlate if the information is aggregated across patients. In particular, we identify an anti-correlation: large changes in the viral pool composition come with small changes in the B-cell receptor repertoire. This result seems to contradict the naive expectation that when the virus mutates quickly, the immune repertoire needs to change to keep up. However, we show that the observed anti-correlation naturally emerges and can be understood in terms of simple population-genetics models.
