论文标题
分析后的牛顿后天文和光谱模型在黑洞周围的轨道模型
Analytic Post-Newtonian Astrometric and Spectroscopic Models of Orbits around Black Holes
论文作者
论文摘要
S-Star的观察是银河中心内部0.1 PC中的年轻恒星簇，对于提供银河系中心的超级质量黑洞的确定证据至关重要。由于某些恒星的轨道小于典型的人类寿命，因此可以观察多个轨道并测试一般相对性的弱场状态。 S-Star轨道的当前计算需要缓慢且昂贵的计算，以便在许多小时步骤中求解地质方程。在本文中，我们提出了一种计算高效的一阶后纽顿后模型，用于为S-Star收集的天文学和光谱数据。我们发现，未来30米的望远镜 - 甚至可能具有很高光谱分辨率的当前大型望远镜 - 也可能能够在未来十年左右的时间内检测S-Star的Shapiro效应。
Observations of the S-stars, the cluster of young stars in the inner 0.1 pc of the Galactic Center, have been crucial in providing conclusive evidence for a supermassive black hole at the center of our galaxy. Since some of the stars have orbits less than that of a typical human lifetime, it is possible to observe multiple orbits and test the weak-field regime of general relativity. Current calculations of S-star orbits require slow and expensive computations in order to numerically solve geodesic equations for many small time steps. In this paper, we present a computationally efficient, first-order post-Newtonian model for the astrometric and spectroscopic data gathered for the S-stars. We find that future, 30-m class telescopes -- and potentially even current large telescopes with very high spectroscopic resolution -- may be able to detect the Shapiro effect for an S-star in the next decade or so.
