论文标题
活跃固体中的自主波和全球运动模式
Autonomous waves and global motion modes in living active solids
论文作者
论文摘要
弹性活性物质或主动固体由嵌入弹性基质中的自旋转单元组成。主动固体抵抗变形；具有形状的特性和固有的非平衡性质使主动固体成为自动驱动器件的出色组成部分。尽管如此，活跃固体的机械性能和新兴行为知之甚少。使用基于生物膜的细菌活性固体，在这里，我们发现了在被动固体中未见独特波特性的自我维持的弹性波，例如具有活性的波速度范围。在各向同性的限制下，主动固体开发了两种拓扑上不同的全局运动模式，可以选择性地激发，并在模式转变时具有令人惊讶的阶梯频跳。我们的发现揭示了弹性活性物质中新型时空顺序，并可能指导固态自适应或活物质的发展。
Elastic active matter or active solid consists of self-propelled units embedded in an elastic matrix. Active solid resists deformation; the shape-preserving property and the intrinsic non-equilibrium nature make active solids a superior component for self-driven devices. Nonetheless, the mechanical properties and emergent behavior of active solids are poorly understood. Using a biofilm-based bacterial active solid, here we discovered self-sustained elastic waves with unique wave properties not seen in passive solids, such as power-law scaling of wave speed with activity. Under isotropic confinement, the active solid develops two topologically distinct global motion modes that can be selectively excited, with a surprising step-like frequency jump at mode transition. Our findings reveal novel spatiotemporal order in elastic active matter and may guide the development of solid-state adaptive or living materials.
