论文标题

SECDDR:通过保护DDR接口来实现低成本的安全记忆

SecDDR: Enabling Low-Cost Secure Memories by Protecting the DDR Interface

论文作者

Fakhrzadehgan, Ali, Ramrakhyani, Prakash, Qureshi, Moinuddin K., Erez, Mattan

论文摘要

云提供商和用户的安全目标包括内存机密性和完整性,这需要实施重播攻击保护(RAP)。可以使用完整性树或相互认证的通道来实现RAP。完整性树构成了明显的性能开销,并且在保护大记忆方面是不切实际的。仅针对仅处理一个非常小的小众域,需要对内存系统体系结构的基本更改的包装存储界面,仅针对包装的内存界面提出了相互验证的通道。我们提出了SECDDR,这是一种低成本的RAP,以DDRX等直接附加的记忆为目标。 SECDDR避免了内存端数据身份验证,因此,仅在内存组件中添加了少量逻辑,并且不会更改基础DDR协议,从而使其可实用。与先前需要信任整个内存模块的先前相互认证建议相反,SECDDR通过将其有限的安全逻辑放置在ECC芯片的DRAM DIE(或软件包)上来实现不受信任的模块。我们的评估表明,SECDDR在没有RAP的情况下执行仅加密记忆的1%以内,而SECDDR则相对于64-元素的完整性树和认证的通道提供了18.8%和7.8%的平均绩效提高(高达190.4%和24.8%)。

The security goals of cloud providers and users include memory confidentiality and integrity, which requires implementing Replay-Attack protection (RAP). RAP can be achieved using integrity trees or mutually authenticated channels. Integrity trees incur significant performance overheads and are impractical for protecting large memories. Mutually authenticated channels have been proposed only for packetized memory interfaces that address only a very small niche domain and require fundamental changes to memory system architecture. We propose SecDDR, a low-cost RAP that targets direct-attached memories, like DDRx. SecDDR avoids memory-side data authentication, and thus, only adds a small amount of logic to memory components and does not change the underlying DDR protocol, making it practical for widespread adoption. In contrast to prior mutual authentication proposals, which require trusting the entire memory module, SecDDR targets untrusted modules by placing its limited security logic on the DRAM die (or package) of the ECC chip. Our evaluation shows that SecDDR performs within 1% of an encryption-only memory without RAP and that SecDDR provides 18.8% and 7.8% average performance improvements (up to 190.4% and 24.8%) relative to a 64-ary integrity tree and an authenticated channel, respectively.

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