论文标题
评估流量中红细胞动力学的耦合双层骨架骨骼建模策略
Assessment of coupled bilayer-cytoskeleton modelling strategy for red blood cell dynamics in flow
论文作者
论文摘要
红细胞(RBC)膜由脂质双层和由蛋白质连接络合物相互联系的细胞骨架组成,从而使脂质双层和细胞骨架之间的潜在滑动。尽管存在这种生物学现实,但最常被建模为单层模型,超弹性胶囊或流体囊泡。另一种方法涉及使用双层合并膜的复合结构,其中一层代表脂质双层,另一层代表细胞骨架。在本文中,我们通过分析扩展流动中的RBC行为和四个不同的模拟剪切流中的RBC动力学来评估各种建模策略。提出的双层策略,例如囊泡胶囊和胶囊模型,以不同的方式解释了脂质双层的流动性和表面不可压缩性。我们的发现表明,在层之间引入滑动为细胞骨架提供了相当大的自由度来减轻其弹性压力,从而导致RBC伸长率显着增加。令人惊讶的是,我们的研究表明,与细胞骨架的参考形状相比,RBC的膜建模策略具有更大的重要性。这些结果强调了仅考虑机械性能的不足,并强调需要仔细整合这些特性。此外,我们的发现很幸运地发现了一个新的指标,以确定细胞骨架的适当无应力形状。
The red blood cell (RBC) membrane is composed of a lipid bilayer and a cytoskeleton interconnected by protein junction complexes, allowing for potential sliding between the lipid bilayer and the cytoskeleton. Despite this biological reality, it is most often modelled as a single-layer model, a hyperelastic capsule or a fluid vesicle. Another approach involves incorporating the membrane's composite structure using double layers, where one layer represents the lipid bilayer and the other represents the cytoskeleton. In this paper, we computationally assess the various modelling strategies by analysing RBC behaviour in extensional flow and four distinct regimes that simulate RBC dynamics in shear flow. The proposed double-layer strategies, such as the vesicle-capsule and capsule-capsule models, account for the fluidity and surface incompressibility of the lipid bilayer in different ways. Our findings demonstrate that introducing sliding between the layers offers the cytoskeleton a considerable degree of freedom to alleviate its elastic stresses, resulting in a significant increase in RBC elongation. Surprisingly, our study reveals that the membrane modelling strategy for RBCs holds greater importance than the choice of the cytoskeleton's reference shape. These results highlight the inadequacy of considering mechanical properties alone and emphasise the need for careful integration of these properties. Furthermore, our findings fortuitously uncover a novel indicator for determining the appropriate stress-free shape of the cytoskeleton.