论文标题
一种经济模型预测控制方法,用于减轻风力涡轮机的多个塔架位置
An Economic Model Predictive Control Approach for Load Mitigation on Multiple Tower Locations of Wind Turbines
论文作者
论文摘要
风力涡轮机演化的当前趋势是增加其转子尺寸,以捕获更多的功率。这导致更高,细长,更灵活的塔楼,因此由于涡轮机旋转和环境因素而产生的动力载荷更高。因此,要采用可以动态抵消此类负载的高级控制方法,尤其是在更容易产生裂缝或腐蚀损失的塔位置时,这是令人信服的。尽管如此,据作者所知,文献中几乎没有引起任何关注,以在多个塔楼加载缓解措施。此外,需要控制载荷减少与优化功率生产的控制方案。在本文中,我们开发了一个经济模型预测控制(EMPC)框架来满足此类需求。首先,我们开发了一个线性模态模型来说明塔弯曲动力学。然后,我们将其整合到EMPC框架中,其中涡轮旋转的动力学以能量术语表示。这使我们能够获得凸公式,这在计算上很有吸引力。我们的控制定律旨在避免“转弯”行为并确保递归可行性。我们在5MW参考WT模型上证明了提出的控制器的性能:结果表明,所提出的控制器能够减少多个位置的塔负载,对生成的功率没有显着影响。
The current trend in the evolution of wind turbines is to increase their rotor size in order to capture more power. This leads to taller, slender and more flexible towers, which thus experience higher dynamical loads due to the turbine rotation and environmental factors. It is hence compelling to deploy advanced control methods that can dynamically counteract such loads, especially at tower positions that are more prone to develop cracks or corrosion damages. Still, to the best of the authors' knowledge, little to no attention has been paid in the literature to load mitigation at multiple tower locations. Furthermore, there is a need for control schemes that can balance load reduction with optimization of power production. In this paper, we develop an Economic Model Predictive Control (eMPC) framework to address such needs. First, we develop a linear modal model to account for the tower flexural dynamics. Then we incorporate it into an eMPC framework, where the dynamics of the turbine rotation are expressed in energy terms. This allows us to obtain a convex formulation, that is computationally attractive. Our control law is designed to avoid the 'turn-pike' behavior and guarantee recursive feasibility. We demonstrate the performance of the proposed controller on a 5MW reference WT model: the results illustrate that the proposed controller is able to reduce the tower loads at multiple locations, without significant effects to the generated power.